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VASCULARIZATION ORO CRANIOFACIAL - Coggle Diagram
VASCULARIZATION ORO CRANIOFACIAL
NOMENCLATURE IN VASCULARIZATION SYSTEM
BASED ON TRAIT
Magnus= Big
Brevis= Small
Major/manus= Larger portion
Minor/minus= Smaller portion
Supra= Up
Infra= Under
BASED ON SHAPE
Canal= Channel
Branch= Branch
Sinus= Cavity
Plexus= Fiber
Arch= Arc
BASED ON FUNCTION
Artery= Arteries; vessels from the heart
Arterioles= Very small arteries
Veins= Veins, veins back into the heart
Venules= Very small veins
BASED ON POSITION
Medial= Central
Parietal= Outer layer
Superficial= Shallow
Lateral= Side part
Peripheral= Edge
Visceral= Inner layer
Ascendant= Rising
Descendant= Down
Anterior= Front
Posterior= Back
Dexter= RIght
Sinister= Let
Interna= Inside
Supra/super= More up
Infra/infer= More down
BRANCHING AND VESSLES IN THE OCF REGION
EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY
Superior thyroid artery
Ascending pharyngeal artery
Lingual artery
Facial artery
Occipital artery
Posterior auricular artery
Maxillary artery
Superficial temporal artery
INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY
Cervical (C1)
Petrous (C2)
Caroticotympanic
Vidian
Lacerum (C3)
Cavernous (C4)
Meningeal
Inferior hypophyseal
Clinoid (C5)
Opthalmic (C6)
Superior hypophyseal
Ophthalmic
Communicating segments (C7)
Posterior communicating
Anterior choroidal
Terminal branches: anterior cerebral and middle cerebral arteries
ARTERIAL SUPPLY OCF REGIONS
Forehead= Supraorbital and supratrochlear arteries
Upper Eyelids= Lacrimal, supraorbital, and supratrochlear arteries
Lower eyelids
Palpebral branch of the infraorbital artery
Lateral and medial palpebral branches from the lacrimal and supratrochlear arteries
Temple
Frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery
Zygomaticotemporal branch of the zygomatic artery
Lacrimal artery
Ears/auricle
Anterior auricular artery
Posterior auricular artery
Nose= Facial artery, alar branches, and the dorsal nasal artery
Cheek= Transverse facial artery and the facial artery
Upper lip= Superior labial artery originating from the facial artery
Lower lip= Inferior, horizontal, and vertical labiomental arteries
Chin= Mental artery, which is the terminal branch of the inferior alveolar artery
BRANCHING AND BLOOD VESSLES OF ORAL REGION
TONGUE
Lingual artery
Source= External carotid a.
Supply= Digastric m. and stylohyoid m., mucous membrane at the dorsum of the tongue, the palatoglossal arch, the palatine tonsil, the epiglottis, the surrounding soft palate, the sublingual gland, genioglossus, and mylohyoid mm.
Submental artery
Source= A branch of the facial a. from the external carotid a.
Supply= Connects with the sublingual branch of the lingual a. to help supply the tongue
TEETH
MAXILLARY TEETH
Anterior superior alveolar
Source= Infraorbital a.
Supply= The maxillary sinuses and the anterior teeth
Posterior superior alveolar
Source= 3rd part of the maxillary a.
Supply= The maxillary sinus, premolars, and molars
Middle superior alveolar
Source= Infraorbital a.
Supply= Plexus at the canine
MANDIBULAR TEETH
Inferior alveolar
Source= 3rd part of the maxillary a.
Supply= All of the mandibular teeth
Mental
Source= Inferior alveolar a.
Supply= The labial gingiva of the anterior teeth
Incisive
Source= Inferior alveolar a.
Supply= The anterior teeth
ORAL CAVITY FLOOR
Facial
Source= External carotid a. (artery)
Arises in the carotid triangle of the neck
Supply= Submandibular gland
Ascending palatine
Source= Facial Artery
Arises in the submandibular triangle of the neck
Supply= Submandibular gland and surrounding muscles
Submental
Source= Facial artery
Supply= Soft palate
Lingual
Source= External carotid artery
Supply= Sublingual gland
Gives rise to dorsal lingual branches, a sublingual branch, and the deep lingual branch
CHEEKS AND LIPS
Superior labial branch of facial
Source= Facial artery off the external carotid artery
Supply= The structures associated with the upper lip
Gives rise to septal branch that travels to the nasal septum
Superior labial branch of infraorbital
Source= Infraorbital artery off the maxillary artery
Continuation of the 3rd part of the maxillary a.
Supply= Upper lip
Inferior labial branch of facial
Source= Facial artery of the external carotid artery
Supply= Structures associated with the lower lip
Mental
Souce= Inferior alveolar artery
Supply= Chin region
Arises from the 1st part of maxillary artery
Buccal
Source= Maxillary artery.
Branch of the 2nd part of maxillary artery
Supply= buccinator m. and the face
VASCULAR PLEXUS OF OCF
PTERYGOID
VENOUS PLEXUS
Location= Within the infratemporal fossa
Origin= Formed from very small veins that are the venous counterparts to the branches of the maxillary artery
Function= Collect the blood from the palate, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, and auditory tube
KIESSELBACH
PLEXUS
Location= Nasal cavity, specifically in the anterior inferior quadrant of the nasal septum
Supply= The anterior inferior (lower front) quadrant of the nasal septum
THYROID
PLEXUS
Location= Within the external fascia of the pharynx
Branches= Branching within the muscular layer and mucosa of the pharynx
Supply= The superior, middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles, palatopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, levator veli palatini, palatoglossus and the muscle of the uvula
OVALE AND BASILAR VENOUS PLEXUS
OVALE PLEXUS= Emissary venous plexus of foramen ovale, connects pterygoid plexus and cavernous sinus
BASILAR PLEXUS: Anteromedian venous channel of posterior cranial fossa, connects numerous regional venous structures
CHOROID
PLEXUS
Origin= Arises from the tela choroidea
in each of the ventricles of the brain
Function= Regulates the production and composition of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
INTERNAL
CAROTID PLEXUS
Origin= Carotid bifurcation
Branches= Anterior and middle cerebral arteries
Relations= Communicates with the trigeminal ganglion, the abducent nerve, pterygopalatine ganglion, and the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve
PHARYNGEAL
PLEXUS
Location= External fascia of the pharynx
Formed from the union of branches from the vagus nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve and cervical sympathetic nerves
Supply= The superior, middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles, palatopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, levator veli palatini, palatoglossus and the muscle of the uvula
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
LYMPH
Unabsorbed fluid that
drains from cells and tissues
Transports infection-fighting white blood
cells (lymphocytes)
LYMPH NODES
Monitor and cleanse the lymph as it filters out
the damaged cells and cancer cells
Produce and store lymphocytes and other
immune system cells
SPLEEN
Filters and stores blood and produces
white blood cells
LYMPHATIC VESSELS
Network of capillaries (microvessels) and a
large network of tubes
Transports lymph away from tissues
Collect and filter lymph (at the nodes) as it continues to move toward larger vessels (collecting ducts) under very low pressure
COLLETING DUCTS
Empty the lymph into the right lymphatic duct
and left lymphatic duct
Connect to the subclavian vein, which returns
lymph to your bloodstream
Helps to maintain normal blood volume and pressure and prevents the excess buildup of fluid around the tissues
TONSILS AND ADENOID
Trap pathogens in the nasal and oral cavity
THYMUS
Matures thymus cell lymphocytes or T cells