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Astrophysics - Coggle Diagram
Astrophysics
stellar evolution
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the force of gravity pulls the dust and gas together, forming a protostar
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this creates huge amounts of energy in the core causing outwards pressure, balancing the inwards pressure due to gravity
this creates a stable main sequence star which lasts several billion years (the heavier the star, the shorter the main sequence)
eventually, the hydrogen core runs out, causing gravity to be larger than the pressure from nuclear fusion
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the doppler effect
if a wave source is moving relative to an observer, there will be a change in the observed frequency and wavelength
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the faster the object, the the light is red-shifted
EQUATION: (change in wavelength) / (reference wavelength) = (velocity of a galaxy) / (speed of light)
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star classification
stars can be classified according to their colour, related to their surface temperature
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brightness of a star
apparent brightness - how bright a star appears on earth
- depends on luminosity and distance from earth
absolute magnitude - how bright a star would appear from a fixed distance (10 parsecs / 32.6 light years)
- brighter objects have smaller magnitudes
the big bang theory
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evidence supporting it
red shift
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this is shown as if a star was to move away from us, the wavelength of light would increase, making it appear more red
CMBR
just after the big bang, lots of short wavelength radiation should have been released
this radiation would have increased in wavelength over time, becoming microwaves
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