SECONDARY DATA SOURCES
Secondary Data : Data collected by other parties
Advantages Secondary Data
can be obtained by websites, books, internal records, journal or articles, government publication
easier and faster to access
Disadvantages Secondary Data
No control on how the data was obtained
Data sometimes already outdated and incomplete
Usage of secondary data in research
serves as specific reference of research in some point of time
used to support large study
used as the sole basis for a research study
the data available
Secondary sources help in consider other perspective and strengthen our own arguments
Sources of secondary data
Internal sources
Reports taken from many department is differ greatly
internal organization sources are vary
the collection methods are unique to the specific situation
data mining techniques (helps manager to understand underlying meaning of data)
External sources
more varied than internal sources
external data are created, recorded or generated by an entity
Published data
- computerized database
(e.g online database, CD-ROM database)
- books
- periodicals (access through online service)
- government sources (regarding the policies, economics, industries)
- miscellaneous sources
Task involved in searching secondary data
Bibliography search
provides information about citation, author, title of the articles or books, source of publication, year, volume and page numbers.
cover rage of materials on the subject
Computerized search
enable researcher to access almost unlimited variety of current material and resources
retrieval system thorugh
online database : consists of a central data bank which has access using computer, direct communication line to the system or a telephone line with a modem
CD-ROM : data is stored in the disk and read from the CD-ROM through computer screen or printed it using printer
Computer search
Disadvantages
Advantages
Speed
Flexibility
Up-to-date
Imprecision
Wide capability (sometimes contains thing not related)
Limited sources
Library search
researcher will know all possible sources
more time consuming
divided into four sources
Book sources
Periodical sources
Government sources
Miscellaneous sources
information can be obtained by general bibliography, keywords used, categories provided
periodical refers to professional journals, public opinion surveys, business periodicals, etc
good sources of information
support researcher's ideas
government agencies produces data every year (easier to find the data)
data provided are assured of the accuracy and quality of the investigation
after gone through all three sources, several sources (miscellaneous) are useful
example : sources from university's bulletin, academic research, doctoral dissertations
major sources is publication from higher education