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Macro environmental Analysis for Strategic Mgmt (Ginter & Duncan,…

- - - - Identify recognized experts in the field
      - Seeking their cooperation
      - Providing an initial paper of the issue to the expert
      - Personal interviews
    - - Adoption of emerging values, concepts and ideas
      - Traces ideas from their initial inception through stages of adoption.
      - Similar to the diffusion of innovation theory
    - - The Royal Dutch/Shell technique (Scenario Planning)
      - Scenarios are essential to change the current mental models, generate options for the future and consider risks.
  - - - Regular
        
        Comprehensive and systematic
        
        Retrospective focus
      - Irregular
        
        Ad Hoc
      - Continuous
    - - A study revealed that macroenvironmental analysis units are mostly located organisationally within formal planning departments