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Natural Events/Disasters - Coggle Diagram
Natural Events/Disasters
Volcanoes
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Historical Events
Mt Tambora Indonesia,1815 (VEI 7) Sent volcanic ash 40km into the sky, most explosive in over 500 years
Krakatoa, Indonesia , 1883 (VEI 6)-killed 36,000 people
Seismographic detection of earthquakes , precise measurement of the ground and deformation magma rise.Scientists use patterns to identify if Super Volcanoes are active or dormant.From Volcanoes that are part of the ring of fire , and out of it too.
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Formation
Hot molten rock ash and gase escape from the earth's surface.Fundamentally comes down to a pressure change which forces magma to overflow.Most common is because of tectonic plate movement.
A volcano is a crack in the earth's crust, a volcano is a mountain or hill that is opened when it erupts it pushes magma through the opening with great force.
Types of Volcanes
Cinder cones ,Super Volcanes , Shield Volcano and Lava domes.
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Tsunamis
Formation
Caused by violent seafloor movement associated with earthquakes , landslide , lava entering the sea , meteorite impacts , or seamount collapse.Most common cause is because of an earthquake.
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We can detect tsunamis by 2 main systems which are coastal tide gages and tsunamis buoys.Tide gages measure tsunamis waves directly.Buoys are sensors that are almost anchored to the ground and detect upcoming waves or tsunamis.
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Location
Tsunamis often occur in the pacific ocean , as it is a very seismic zone.
Historical Events
Sunda Strait , Indonesia - One of the biggest tsunamis in modern history , on December 22,2018.Volcano collapsed into the sea and created a lot of waves.
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Earthquakes
Location
Also in the "Ring of fire" the most "seismically and volcanically active zone in the world" . As stated by many scientists.
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Types of earthquakes
So they are four main types of earthquakes known , tectonic , volcanic , collapse and explosion.
Formation
Also this is with convection currents made by molten lava inside the earth's crust.The constant movement leads to either the plates sliding against each other or drifting away from each other.
The earth's crust is composed of solid core , mantle , and tectonic plates.Tectonic plates are constanly moving and they slide together until enough pressure build up , and then it releases all the energy which forms an earthquake.
Historical events
1950 Assam , India with a magnitude of 8.7 . Some of the powerful earthquakes are 1994 , Prince William Sound , Alaska , U.S with an imense magnitude of 9.2.And also 1960 Valdivia and Puerto Montt , Chile 9.5.
Measurement
The seismograph produces a digital graph recording on the groud's seismic activity and waves.Which it measures strengh and duration.
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Hurricanes
Formation
Warn and most air over water that begins to rise.Continues to grow larger clouds and thunderstorms grow.
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Location
This is why florida is a place very prone to hurricanes and the U.S in general.Hurricanes tend to occur most of the time Atlantic Ocean and the eastern north Pacific Ocean
Historical Events
1990 Galveston hurricane was one of the deadliest natural disaster in the United States history.The hurricane left between 6,000 and 12,000 fatalities in the United States it was the fifth-deadliest Atlantic hurricane overall.
Types of Hurricanes
Category 1 : Winds of 74-95 mph(119-153 km/h)
Category 2 : Winds of 96-110 mph (154 - 177 km/h )
Category 3 : Winds of 111-129 mph (178-208 km/h)
Category 4 : Winds of 130 - 156 mph ( 209- 251 km/h)
Category 5 : Winds exceeding 157 mph ( 252 km/h)
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