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The political revolutions of the 19th century, image, image, image, image,…
The political revolutions of the 19th century
The Revolutions of 1848
In France
The petite bourgeoisie and workers succeeded on establishing some democratic objectives (such as universal manhood suffrage)
After the abdication of Louis Philippe in 1848, the Second Republic was established
Then, Louis Napoleon Bonaparte was elected president and after he organised a military revolt, he named himself emperor in 1852
He ruled France as Napoleon III until 1870, but, he maintained universal manhood suffrage
The petite bourgeoisie and workers defended democratic principles that would give them access to political power
These year revolutions were marked as radical
The Revolutions of the 1820s
In Portugal
After some liberal revolutions, they succeeded on establishing a constitutional monarchy
In Greece
This revolution was supported by other European countries who wanted to end Ottoman power in the Mediterranean
Finally, in 1829 the Treaty of Adrianopolis recognised Greek independence
Greece wanted Independence from the Ottoman Empire and in 1821 liberal-nationalist revolution began
In Spain
Although they were liberal revolutions, absolutism was re-established after three years of liberal rule known as the Liberal Triennium
The Revolutions of 1830
Belgium
It wanted independence from Holland, due to the unification of the these two countries, as a result of the Congress of Viena
Holland and Belgium had many differences mostly in language and religion
Belgians were Catholics
Dutch were Protestants
Holland had imposed its politics in Belgium until a nationalist and liberal revolution in 1830 gave it its independence
The Restoration in France
The Bourbons returned to the throne
The first one was Louis XVIII who ruled from 1814 to 1824 and then, his brother Charles X ruled after him
Charles X
He strengthened the absolute monarchy and took off a series of liberties
He ruled from 1824 to 1830
The Revolution
The revolution started when Charles X approved various decrees without consulting the Legislative Assembly
After Charles X abdicated, one of his cousins was chosen to rule
Louis Philippe of Orleans was chosen, and he ruled as a constitutional monarch from 1830 to 1848
The political revolutions
These, took place during the 19th century and ended with absolute monarchy
These, happened because many people did not accept either the Restoration or the return of the Ancien Régime
These, were based on liberalism, nationalism and democracy
