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History of the Balkans (Part I), The Ottomans called the Balkans "…

- - - - Cuza was deposed by nobles in 1866, so the German Prince Karl of Hohenzollern was called and became King Carol I until 1914.
- - - - Otto faced many problems during his reign, and was overthrown in a coup in 1862, dying in Bavaria 3 years later.
    - - He did, however, lose the Unfortunate war (1897) in an attempt to assist Crete in its independence from the Ottomans, resulting in the Goudi coup (1909), which made Eleftherios Venizelos PM and ushered a new wave of liberal vs conservative debate in the parliament.
  - - - King George II and the military abolished the parliament in 1936 and formed the fascist Metaxas Regime which was beaten by the Axis in 1941.
  - - - The Greek civil war (1946-1949) wasn't only about the government versus communists, but also between the Greek majority and the Slavic speaking minority in the North.
- - - - The main Balkan rivers such as the Sava, the Vardar, the Aliákmon and even the Danube are either too fast or too slow to allow for interconnected trade.
      - The geographic of the Balkans has made the development of roads and railroads historically difficult.
  - - - The Russo-Turkish war of 1877 ended with the recognitions of Serbia, Romania and Montenegro.
    - - After Greek independence, many conflicts arose in the Balkans in search for expasion over lands with minorities that belonged to each other.
    - - Bulgaria was unhappy with how little territory they won, so they started the Second Balkan War (1913) against their former allies, but were beaten.