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The Grammar -Translation Method (GTM) - Coggle Diagram
The Grammar -Translation Method (GTM)
Advantages
An easy method
the teacher doesn’t need to speak fluently
The teacher needn’t be creative and student only need complete all exercises in the student book
The students understand the lesson and grammar rules easily
The teacher can use mother tongue everywhere, everywhen
Helps teachers to clear the meaning of a word and sentence to the students easily by translating them into the mother tongue
useful for professional translation classes
Definition
is called the Classical Method
use of translation and grammar study as the main teaching and learning activities.
two main goals
enable students to read, translate and enjoy literature written in the target language
further students’ general intellectual development
Characteristics
Skills reinforced: focus on reading and writing
Few opportunities for listening and speaking practice: the teacher is center
Students learn according to the translated text: drill and drill
Memorization of grammar rules and vocabulary: focus on a lot of grammar
Use Vocabulary Words: use vocabulary of reading text
Application: Typical Techniques
Translation of the literary passage
The teacher ask to translate and write or read aloud
Reading comprehension questions
student also is given a story or reading passage
Synonyms/ Anonymous
synonym: it’s like the words thats similar to each others
antonyms are the words are opposite to each others
Cognates
the teacher point out the cognates that look similar in the two languages but whose meaning differs
Deductive application of rule
giving learners rules, then examples, then practice
Gap-fill
Sentences with words missing
Memorisation
a good mental exercise and students retain grammatical rules
Using words in sentences
create sentences to illustrate they know the meaning and capable of using it in a correct context
Composition writing
be written in the target language, or asks them to make a summary
Disadvantages
No oral work takes place in the classroom due to this method. Only teacher speaks and focus on reading
The teacher decides everything
The teacher is always right
focus remains only on the mother tongue and the target language remains ignored
The student feel scare or stress by quantity of exercises
No helping the students to learn correct pronunciation of the target language.
Main emphasis is given on the Rules of Grammar and these rules aren’t used in different situations
Students try to translate everything. Even they translate word by word and it is not true