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Theories On Education - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Argues that society needs a sense of solidarity, which the education system helps create by transmitting society's culture from one generation to the next
        
        School acts as a 'society in minature', preparing students for life e.g both in school and work we have to cooperate with people who are not family or friends
    - - Modern Society has a complex division of labour, and for this to enable social solidarity, each person must have the necessary specialist knowledge and skills to perform their role
        
        Education teaches the specialist knowledge that is needed to play their part in the social division of labour
  - - - 'focal socialising agency', bridge between the family and wider society
        
        Child learns that they are going to be judged by universalistic rather than particularistic standards, and their status is achieved rather than ascribed
        
        Both school and work are based on meritocratic principles
  - - - Argued that inequality is necessary to ensure that the most important roles are filled by the most talented people by offering high rewards for hard jobs --> encourages competition
        
        Education acts as a proving ground for ability, shows individuals what they can do
      - Blau and Duncan argue that a modern economy depends on human capital, and that the meritocratic education system enables each person to be allocated to the job best suited to their abilities
- - - - Argue that state-run education in the US has failed because
        
        Not created equal opportunity, failed disadvantaged groups
        
        Inefficient, fails to create skills needed by the economy
        
        Private schools deliver a higher quality education
      - Based on the comparison of achievements between those in state and private schools, found that pupils from low-income families consistently do about 5% better in private rather than state schools
      - Call for the introduction of a market system that would put control in the hands of the consumer, allowed consumers to shape schools to meet their own needs and improve quality and efficiency
        
        Each teacher proposes a system where each family would be given a voucher to buy education with, this would force schools to be more responsive to parent's wishes, as vouchers would be the schools main income.
- - - - The state consists of two apparatuses that keep the bourgeoisie in power:
        
        Repressive State Apparatuses (RSAs) - police, courts
        
        Ideological State Apparatuses (ISAs) - education religion
        
        Education reproduces class inequality by transmitting it from generation to generation, failing each generation of w/c students
        
        Legitimates class inequality by producing ideologies that disguise its true cause
  - - - Parallels between school and work, both have hierarchies, these parallels are examples of the 'correspondence principle', that operates through the ''hidden curriculum' --> lessons that are taught without being directly taught e.g accepting hierarchy
        
        Schools prepares w/c students for their role as exploited workers of the future
    - - Education produces ideologies that explain why inequality is inevitable --> the myth of meritocracy that means that everyone has an equal opportunity to achieve, rewards are based on ability and effort.
        
        Justifies the privileges of the higher classes, making it seem like they succeeded fairly, they see inequality as legitimate, means that they are less likely to overthrow capitalism.