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Concepts - Coggle Diagram
Concepts
PCR
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a laboratory technique used to amplify DNA sequences. The method involves using short DNA sequences called primers to select the portion of the genome to be amplified. The temperature of the sample is repeatedly raised and lowered to help a DNA replication enzyme copy the target DNA sequence.
DNA squencing
Sequencing DNA means determining the order of the four chemical building blocks - called "bases" - that make up the DNA molecule.
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phylo genetic tree
A phylogenetic tree, also known as a phylogeny, is a diagram that depicts the lines of evolutionary descent of different species, organisms, or genes from a common ancestor.
Taxonomy
A taxonomy is a "knowledge organization system," a set of words that have been organized to control the use of terms used in a subject field into a "vocabulary" to facilitate the storing and retrieving of items from a repository.
Ancestral lineage
Lineage is defined as the descendants of a common ancestor. An example of lineage are people who all have the same common relative from 300 years ago. The overview or totality of the marriage and blood relationships within a family, including the ancestors and descendants of a particular individual.
clade
A clade consists of an organism and all of its descendants. For example, the shared ancestor of apes and all of that species descendant species would comprise a “clade.” The term “clade” comes from the Greek “klados,” for “branch.” It’s useful to think of a clade as being one “branch” on the tree of life, where the common ancestor is the place that the branch split from the main trunk.
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Divergence event
Genetic divergence is the process in which two or more populations of an ancestral species accumulate independent genetic changes (mutations) through time
internal node
A node of a tree that has one or more child nodes, equivalently, one that is not a leaf. Also known as nonterminal node. See also parent, root.
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