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Lecture 15: Humanism and personality - Coggle Diagram
Lecture 15: Humanism and personality
Carl Rogers
Described human behaviour as
exquisitely rational
We strive for self-actualisation and self-improvement
When this happens we become a fully functional person
lives in the moment, aware of all experiences, trust own behaviour and feel a sense of freedom in decision making.
incongruence prevents this
core of man's nature is positive
A trustworthy organism
The journey is more important than the destination
Person centred therapy
does not impose judgement
withholds advice
tried not to influence clients
Phenomenology
our reality depends on how we perceive it
subjective
Concept of the self
It is the characteristics of the I/me and the perceptions implicated in this. This is in combination with other aspects of life.
Disobedient children
Parents love their children conditionally- conditional positive regard
kids learn to abandon their feelings and replace these with those of the parents
Leads to alienation from the true self
solution
use unconditional positive regard
approval regardless of behaviour
This will eventually lead to positive regard being granted to the self
Maslow and the hierarchy of needs
Lower level needs must be satisfied before higher needs are attempted
The hierarchy from bottom to top is: physiological needs, safety and security, love and belonging, self-esteem and finally self actualisation.
Evaluation points
did not meet scientific standards
motivational hierarchy not based on lab experiments
based on subjective analysis
criteria for self-actualised people is haphazard
how does the poor starving artist exist
studied experimentally- little support for the ordering of needs
the order be upset but these are pathological cases
individual differences should not have an influence