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How to Build a World - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Quote: "It is capitalist exploitation — and not some inborn tribalism — that drives racial prejudice and conflict." (Jamelle Bouie)
        
        It is capitalism that consistently rewards low prices. Breeding the perfect environment for exploitation as companies compete to have the most profit with the least amount of costs.
- - - - Quote: “We’re modeled from trash. Junkies, prostitutes, winos, tramps. Convicts, maybe, just so long as they aren’t psychos. That’s what we come from." (Page 245)
        
        Minorities
        
        "Essential" Workers
        
        Criminals
        
        Immigrants
      - Quote: "For a long time you were kept in the shadows, and people did their best not to think about you. And if they did, they tried to convince themselves you weren’t really like us. That you were less than human, so it didn’t matter.” (Page 388-389)
        
        Clones = less human and thus can be bred, raised, and taught that they are nothing beyond their organs that can be donated to humans.
      - Quote: "You think you matter? You think any of us matter beyond what we can do for them [the Fulcrum]? Whether we obey or not. The only reason they don't do this to all of us is because we're more versatile, more useful, if we control ourselves. Just a useful monster." (Page 143)
        
        Orogenes = sub-human and thus can used as tools for the fulcrum to abuse.
      - Quote: "In the room a child is sitting. It could be a boy or a girl. It looks about six, but actually is nearly ten. It is feeble-minded. Perhaps it was born defective, or perhaps it has become imbecile through fear, malnutrition, and neglect. It picks its nose and occasionally fumbles vaguely with its toes or genitals, as it sits hunched in the corner farthest from the bucket and the two mops."
        
        Child = an "it" and thus can be abused for the happiness of Omelas.
      - Quote: “Slavery is a sin when whites were put to the yoke, but not the African. All men are created equal, unless we decide you are not a man.” (Page 182)
        
        Slaves = not a man and thus can be mistreated and oppressed
- - - - A group of people who monitored slaves and ensured that they kept in line through any means necessary. They were also in charge of catching and returning runaways.
    - - Keepers of the Orogenes. Made sure that orogene's stayed in line and obeyed all of the Fulcrums demands.
    - - These were the teachers at Hailsham who indoctrinated young clones to believe that their body's were special and that their only destiny in life was to donate till completion.
- - - - Quote:" It's possible. Everyone--even the poor, even the lazy, event the undesirable--can matter. Do you see how just the idea of this provokes utter rage in some? ... So don't walk away. The child needs you too, don't you see? You also have to fight for her, now that you know she exists, or walking away is meaningless."
        
        The happiness of some is not dependent on the exploitation of others. You must be the one to stand up against the zero-sum mentality and fight to change the systems that oppress for the benefit of few.
      - Quote: "It is the existence of the child, and their knowledge of its existence, that makes possible the nobility of their architecture, the poignancy of their music, the profundity of their science"
        
        The happiness of some is dependent on the exploitation of others. The oppression of some is a necessary factor of life and you can do nothing to change it.
      - Quote: "But what I’m saying is it’s a built platform [Paris Agreement] to have this discussion. Before that, this [burning of fosile fuels] was seen as a zero-sum game. If my nation wins, your nation loses, or, especially, if my nation loses, then your nation wins." (Robinson on Money on the Left podcast)
        
        Because our society has linked fossil fuels and other unsustainable habits to wealth and status, it was almost like a competition between nations to acquire/burn the most carbon--even at the sake of the environment. Robinson's novel combats this by introducing the value of the future generations
        
        The health of the future generations must be considered in the present, and thus climate change should never be a zero-sum game.
    - - The happiness of majority > happiness of few
        
        Utilitarianism is the philosophical theory used to justify zero-sum games. Both concepts embrace the happiness and gain of the select at the expense of those deemed different.
- - - - Quote: "Reality is not as beautiful as it seems. There is a hidden logic of utopia, which should be reflected upon. Utopians, are constructing a dystopia for the people who do not fit into their own utopia." (Rami K. Isaac)
        
        Every utopian society has dystopias within it. and Both co-exist depending on who you are within society
        
        Superior voices create a utopia that fits themselves (utopia) and force those who don't into compliance (dystopia)
        
        Quote: “But early in the twenty-first century it became clear that the planet was incapable of sustaining everyone alive at Western levels, and at that point the richest pulled away into their fortress mansions, bought the governments or disabled them from action against them, and bolted their doors to wait it out until some poorly theorized better time, which really came down to just the remainder of their lives, and perhaps the lives of their children if they were feeling optimistic— beyond that, après moi le déluge.” (Chapter 16)
        
        The richest population of the world reaped the benefits of a corrupt economic system built on the backs of lower socioeconomic populations, and then left those disadvantaged people to deal with the consequences of rich greed.
        
        Quote: “The whites came to this land for a fresh start and to escape the tyranny of their masters, just as the freemen had fled theirs. But the ideals they held up for themselves, they denied others.”
        
        White American men came to North America in order to find a safe haven from religious persecution, only to create a system (slavery) that oppressed and mistreated those deemed different and therefore inferior (African Americans)
        
        Quote: "Suddenly there were all these new possibilities laid before us, all these ways to cure so many previously incurable conditions…for a long time, people preferred to believe these organs appeared from nowhere, or at most that they grew in a kind of vacuum." (Page 389)
        
        The humans created an ideal world where they no longer had to worry about incurable conditions like cancer, motor neuron disease, and heart diseases but it was at the expense of a whole population of clones who were denied the same life as their human counterparts in order to act as human organ farms.