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Genetics - Coggle Diagram
Genetics
Communicate through writing and in diagrams that chromosomes contain many distinct genes and that each gene holds the instructions for the production of specific proteins, which in turn affects the traits of an individual.
Genes
Genes are what gives a human their traits. You get your genes from your parents and they are arranged in chromosomes.
Protein
Proteins a complex molecular structure that are made up of amino acids and play a very important role in our bodies.
Chromosomes
Chromosomes are a structure that carry genetic information, it is made of DNA and proteins that are combined together to make genes. The average amount for a human to have is 23.
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Encyclopedia analogy
The encylopeidia analogy uses a row of books as an explanation. Like how 23 books are like the 23 cromosomes in the human body. Each book has their own specific topic and each page has detailed information, like our genes.
The encyclopeida analogy for a mutation is like ripping a page out of a book, this alters the information in the book just like a mutation alters a humans trait.
Communicate information about artificial selection / the ways humans have changed the inheritance of desired traits in organisms.
Fancy Fish
Scientists made a salmon that grows way faster than regular salmon by taking the DNA from another fish that grows year long and faster than salmon.
CRISPR
CRISPR is a method where we humans can alter genes in organisms and mix one organisms DNA with another.
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Develop and use a model to describe that structural changes to genes (mutations) may or may not result in changes to proteins, and if there are changes to proteins there may be harmful, beneficial, or neutral changes to traits.
Mutation - A change in a persons genotype which can be a harmful, beneficial, or a neutral change.
Trait - A characteristic of an organism that determines physical parts of somebody. Traits are determined by genotypes that come from your parents, an example is your skin color.
Construct an argument based on evidence for how asexual reproduction skills in offspring with identical genetic information and sexual reproduction results in offspring with genetic variation. Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of asexual and sexual reproduction.
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Construct an argument based on evidence for how environmental and genetic factors influence the growth of organisms.
Genetics have more of an effect on somebody's traits than their environment because genetics determine everything about us while our environment just alters those traits already determined by the genes.
Genes determine almost everything about you, and your genes determine how you will react to environmental factors.
Environmental factors, while do contribute to who you are, do not as much as your genes because while you could be a more negative person or have abad back because of your environment, your genes determine how you look, and how you reacted to everything you were exposed to in your environment.
Develop and use a model to show that sexually reproducing organisms have two of each chromosome in their cell nuclei, and hence two variants (alleles) of each gene that can be the same or different from each other, with one random assortment of each chromosome passed down to offspring from both parents.
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Punnett square
A punnett square is a table that helps us predict the genotypes of cross breeding experiment 
Bot head was an experiment we did in class where we rolled the dice to determine the genotype of the bot we were creating, based on the probability and genotypes of the original bots. Then you would draw the phenotypes of the bots onto a paper and draw a mutation card to see if their was a mutation in the phenotype.
Dominant Alleles
A dominant allele is a variation of a gene that will make a certain phenotype, even when around other alleles.
Recessive Alleles
Recessive alleles are a variety of genetic code that will not make a phenotype if a dominant allele is there.