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Sarah Rebolledo Period 5 Respiratory System - Coggle Diagram
Sarah Rebolledo
Period 5 Respiratory System
Major functions of the respiratory system
supply body with O2for cellular respiration
dispose of CO2, a waste product of cellular respiration
Respiratory volumes and capacities
Respiratory Volumes
Residual volume
Inspiratory reserve volume
Tidal volume
Expiratory reserve volume
Respiratory Capacities
Functional residual capacity
Total lung capacity
Vital capacity
Inspiratory capacity
Disorders of the respiratory system
seasonal flu
Lung cancer
Popcorn lungs
Tuberculosis
COPD
lung collapse
Bronchitis
pnemonia
Volume and Pressure relationships in thoracic cavity
Boyle’s law: relationship between pressure and volume of a gas
P1V1 = P2V2
Mechanical process that depends on volume changes in thoracic cavity
Pulmonary Ventilation
Layers of the pleurae
The inner layer (visceral pleura)
The outer layer (parietal pleura)
pleural fluid (separates inner and outer layer)
Upper respiratory structures and functions
Paranasal sinuses
.
Lighten skull
Secrete mucus
Help to warm and moisten air
Pharynx
Three regions
Oropharynx
passageway for food and air from level of soft palate to epiglottis
Laryngopharynx
Passageway for food and air
Nasopharynx
Air passageway (only air) posterior to nasal cavity
nasal cavity
Filter, heat, and moisten air
Increase mucosal area
Enhance air turbulence
nose
.
Provides an airway for respiration
Moistens and warms entering air
Filters and cleans inspired air
Serves as resonating chamber for speech
Houses olfactory receptors
Lower respiratory structures and functions
Bronchi and branches
Conducting zone structures give rise to respiratory zone structures
Lungs and alveoli
Right lung: separated into superior, middle, and inferior lobes
Alveoli
Alveolar walls
Alveolar sacs
Alveolar ducts
Left lung: separated into superior and inferior lobes by oblique fissure
Trachea
extends from larynx into mediastinum, where it divides into two main bronchi
Diaphragm
Action of the diaphragm
base
Larynx(voice box)
extends from 3rd to 6th cervical vertebra and attaches to hyoid bone
Internal vs. external respiration
Both processes are subject to: Basic properties of gases & Composition of alveolar gas
Internal respiration: diffusion of gases between blood and tissues
External respiration: diffusion of gases between blood and lungs
Compare and contrast the mechanism of inspiration and expiration
Inspiration: gases flow into lungs
Expiration: gases exit lungs