Observable Objects in Our Universe

Planetary System, with our solar system as an example, and many new exosolar systems are discovered

Galaxy

Compact Objects

The Universe

History

Components: The Universe is mainly composed of dark matter, dark energy and only a few atomic matters.

Black holes

Quasars

Morphology of our Milky Way is like a bar surrounded with several spiral arms.

Morphology and age: Hubble Tuning Fork shows that the more irregular the shape of a galaxy is, the younger it is.

Planet

Star

Detection Methods, including transit, radial velocity, micorlensing, photometry, direct imaging...

Components: The components of planets vary as their radius gets larger.

The Sun is mainly formed by hydrogen, helium, and a small quantity of metal.

Life cycle of stars is determined by their mass. High mass stars will become black holes or neutron stars, while low mass ones will become black dwarfs.

HR diagram, a traditional diagram by which we understand and classify stars, with temperature as x-axis and brightness as y-axis

Spectral types: Stars are divided into seven classes, O, B, A, F, G, K, M, according to their surface temperature.

Major Studies into Different Objects

An exercise to judge which star cluster is older.

The spectral lines of planetary and star formation nebula differ.

Pulsars

Neutron stars

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