During the 13th to the 16th centuries, the Delhi Sultanate was a Muslim empire that reigned over vast areas of the Indian subcontinent. The Sultanate was created in 1206 after the death of the last Hindu ruler of Delhi, Prithviraj Chauhan, by Qutub-ud-din Aibak, a Turkish slave commander.Many dynasties ruled over the region during the Delhi Sultanate, including the Slave dynasty, the Khilji dynasty, the Tughlaq dynasty, the Sayyid dynasty, and the Lodi dynasty. These dynasties introduced Islam, the Persian language and culture, and new administrative and military techniques to Indian society.Under the Sultanate, Delhi became the centre of a huge empire that stretched from present-day Afghanistan in the west .Significant cultural breakthroughs occurred during the Delhi Sultanate, including the emergence of Indo-Islamic architecture, literature, and music. At this time, numerous prominent structures were built, including the Qutub Minar, Jama Masjid, and Alai Darwaza.The Delhi Sultanate fell in the 16th century, in part due to the rise of the Mughal Empire under Babur, who destroyed the last Lodi dynasty Sultan in the Battle of Panipat in 1526. The Mughals went on to form their own empire, which ruled over much of the Indian subcontinent until the British arrived in the 18th century.