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7.4 - Coggle Diagram
7.4
Reliability and Validity
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Selection Bias
There will be little consideration of a range of demographic groups, including their opinions and views.
Cultural Bias
Views based on the assumptions of different demographic groups. With little consideration for the opinions or views of the groups.
Bias
Relates to the opinions and views of the author. They could have no evidence to substantiate their opinions or may have selected only those that are aligned to their own.
Author expertise
A team of authors may have written a publication, but
using the WWW it easy to check the institution.
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Supplier Literature
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Definition
This is a formal document such as a manual supplied with a device. May be a hard copy or customers will be given a digital link. It is a reliable source of information as it is produced by the manufacturer.
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Subjectivity
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It may include assumptions or interpretations of a topic which is rarely backed up by citations and evidence.
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Academic publications
Advantage
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The time between its writing and publication is relatively short,
Disadvantage
Level of language used, which can be inaccessible without pre-existing level of knowledge
in the topic area.
As publishing usually takes over a year to publish elements of the textbook maybe
become out of date.
Intended Audience
e.g. If a source has been found which is below the intended audiences level of knowledge, or the technical terms used are not appropriate to the context it could be unreliable or invalid.
The target a piece of work is intended for is also a key aspect when considering the reliability and validity of the source. The use therefore of technical and non-technical will be a consideration.
Context
A published work will have a main context. e.g. an academic paper about a specific topics, textbook on a specific course or information about a specific product.
If a piece of work does not fully address the context or changes its focus part way through the reliability and validity may be drawn into question. It may also make it irrelevant to you as a source of information.
Citations, evidence and corroboration of
sources
A citation is a method of informing readers where the third party source of information originated. Third party material may be:
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A citation needs to include enough information to enable it to be located: author, title, publisher, date published, page number or URL
Websites Google Search
Disadvantages
The WWW is not regulated, therefore information may be unreliable.
Approx. 252K new webpages are added to the WWW each day, therefore SERP pages can
be very large. Making it difficult to find the most reliable source.
Advantages
Search engines allow an extensive list of possible sources to be generated in milliseconds
on the results page (SERP)
Algorithms search through the sources to give the most accurate list of relevant sources.
The most relevant will be at the top of the SERP page.
White Papers
Two main types
An information document providing details of a solutions or product that an organisation sells or plan to sell
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E-learning
Very Accessible
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Definition
E-Learning is learning that takes place electronically. Users access e-Learning platforms or e-Learning package. Resource may include text files, videos, animation and audio. Quizzes are also often used to check understanding.