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Kayla Rodriguez P.3 Respiratory System - Coggle Diagram
Kayla Rodriguez P.3 Respiratory System
Respiratory volume & capacities
Residual Volume( RV)
volume of air that stays in lungs after maximal expiration
Vital Capacity(VC)
4600 ML
maximal volume of air exhaled after a deepest breath
VC= IV + IRV + ERV
Expiratory Reserve Volume(ERV)
1100 ML
maximal volume of air that can be exhaled at end of resting inspiration
Inspiratory Capacity(IC)
3500 ML
Maximal volume of air inhaled following exhalation of resting tidal volume IC= IV +IRV
Inspiratory reserve volume(IRV)
3000 ML
maximal volume of air that can be inhaled at end of resting inspiration
Functional Residual Capacity(ERC)
2300 ML
volume of air in lungs following exhalation of resting tidal volumes
FRC= ERV +RV
Tiidal Volume
500 ML
volume of air moved in or out of lungs during respiratory system
Total lung Capacity (TLC)
5800 ML
Total volume of air that lungs can hold
TLC=VC+RV
Major functions of R.S.
allows us to breathe
delivers oxygen to cells in the body
removes waste gases
regulates temp, water content of air, blood PH
provides vocal sounds & helps in smells
Layers of pleurae
Visceral pleura
inner layer that is attached to the surface of each lung
parietal pleura
outer layer that lines the thoracic cavity
serious fluid
lubricates the pleural cavity between 2 layers
Volume & Pressure relationships in thoracic cavity
pressure decreases in thoracic cavity to keep the airways of lungs open.
in inhalation volume increases because of the contraction of the diaphragm and pressure decreases
Disorders of respiratory system
Pneumonia
bacterial or viral infection of lung
causes is bacterial infection, viral infection, exposure to infected individuals
Lung Cancer
uncontrolled cell growth and developed of tumors in the lung
causes are smoking, second hand smoke
Tuberculosis
bacterial infection in the respiratory system caused by mycobacterium tubercolosis
causes are contagious inhaled, weakened immune system, care/live with 7b patients
Seasonal Flu
A viral infection there are many variations of this virus and it changes rapidly year to year when changes the severity in symptoms
causes are inhaled in respiration, age, occupation
COPD
Chronic abstructive pulmonary disorder that includes bronchitis, emphysema & asthma
causes is asthmatis bronchitis, tobacco, dust exposure
Lower respiratory functions and structures
larynx
passageway for air, prevents from objects entering the trachea, house of cords, adams apple
enlargement at top of trachea and has 2 vocal cords and opening between them
epiglottis is flap likes that can cover the openings to glottis
bronchial tree
Primary Broncholi
Secondary Bronchi
teritary bronchi
Bronchioles
terminal bronchioles
Respiratory
alveolar ducts
alveoli
alveoli sacs
trachea
flexible tube that connects larynx w/ bronchial tree
inner wall is lined with ciliated mucous membrane and has many goblet cells
wall is supported by zo incompatible ( c- shaped) cartilage ring that keep airway open
lungs
soft cone shaped organs that occupy a large portion of the thoracic cavity
enclosed by the diaphragm and thoracic cage
has air passageways, alveoli, blood vessels, CT, and lymphatic vessels
Compare & Contrast the mechanism of inspiration & expiration
Differences
one allows air in and the other is air out
inspiration makes the thoracic cavity expand
expiration decreases the volume of the thoracic cavity
Similarities
both has O2 and CO2
both main parts of respiration
diaphragm changes
Upper respiratory functions and structures
nose
provides openings for entrance and exit air
has bone cartilage and hair in nostrils to protect entry of particles
nasal cavity
divided by nasal septum
nasal conchae is scroll shaped bones that divide the nasal cavity into passageways
cilia carries particles trapped in mucus carried by pharynx
sinuses
reduces the weight of the skull serves as resonant chambers for the voice
hollow spaces in certain skull bones
pharynx
aids in producing sounds for speech and common passageway for air and food from nasal and oral cavities
chamber behind the nasal cavity, oral cavity, and larynx
internal vs. external respiration
external ( inhalation) respiration is bringing air into the lungs and releases the air
internal (exhalation) is when O2 and CO2 are exchanged between cells and blood vessels