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Respiratory System Antonio Lara per.2 - Coggle Diagram
Respiratory System
Antonio Lara
per.2
Major functions of the respiratory system
Oxygen is required by cells to break down nutrients, to release energy and produce ATP; Carbon dioxide is a product of nutrient breakdown, which has to be excreted from the body.
the respiration includes
External respiration, the gas exchange between lungs and body cells.
Internal respiration: gas exchange between the blood and cells
Ventilation or breathing, the movement of air into and out of the lungs
Cellular respiration: Oxygen use by the cells, and production of carbon dioxide.
Upper respiratory structures and functions
nasal cavity
sinuses
Air-filled spaces in the maxillary, frontal,ethmoid, and splendid bones
Nose
Nostrils provide openings for entrance and exits of air
Pharynx(throat)
Space behind oral and nasal cavities and larynx
Common passage way for air and nasal and oral cavities
3 Subdivisions
Nasomarynx
oropharynx
larynsoparnx
lower respiratory structures and functions
trachea
bronchial tree
Larynx
lungs
A double-layered serous membrane
Left side
has two lobes- Superior and Inferior
Right side
Right side has 3 lobs-Superior,middle and inferior
Right side is bigger than left side.
Layers of the pleurae
The pleurae has two thin layers of tissue that protect and cushion the lungs
The inner layer is called Visceral pleura
The inner layer Visceral pleura wraps around the lungs and is stuck so tightly to the lungs that it can't be peeled off.
The outer layer is called Parietal pleura
The Parietal pleura lines the inside of the chest wall.
Compare and contrast the mechanism of inspiration and expiration
During inspiration, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract allowing air to enter the lungs.
Volume and Pressure relationships in thoracic cavity
When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs are elevated.
Respiratory volumes and capacities
Lung capacities are derived from a summation of different lung volumes
Internal vs. external respiration
External respiration, also known as breathing, involves both bringing air into the lungs and releasing air to the atmosphere
Disorders of the respiratory system
COPD
Lung Cancer
Pneumonia
Seasonal Flu
Tuberculosis