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Respiratory System Deven Gasca P.2 - Coggle Diagram
Respiratory System Deven Gasca P.2
Respiratory System
Diaphragm
Definition: a dome-shaped muscular partition separating the thorax from the abdomen in mammals. It plays a major role in breathing, as its contraction increases the volume of the thorax and so inflates the lungs.
Structure: dome-like structure with the peripheral segment attached to the chest wall and abdominal cavity
Lungs
Definition: One of a pair of organs in the chest that supplies the body with oxygen, and removes carbon dioxide from the body
Structure: has an apex, three borders, and three surfaces
Trachea
Definition: a large membranous tube reinforced by rings of cartilage, extending from the larynx to the bronchial tubes and conveying air to and from the lungs; the windpipe.
Structure: composed of about 20 rings of tough cartilage
Volumes & Capacities
Capacities
Definition: are derived from a summation of different lung volumes
term: the sum of two or more volumes
Volume
Definition: the volume of gas in the lungs at a given time during the respiratory cycle
Term: Tidal volume
Inspiration & Expiration
Expiration
Definition: the process of letting air out of the lungs during the breathing cycle
term: Second phase
Structure: the relaxation of the diaphragm and elastic recoil of tissue decreases the thoracic volume and increases the intraalveolar pressure
Inspiration
Definition: the process of taking air into the lungs
Structure: the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract, causing the rib cage to expand and move outward, and expanding the thoracic cavity and lung volume
Disorders
Seasonal Flu
Definition: Viral infection
Factor: age, pregnancy, droplets
Tuberculosis
Definition: Bacterial infection
Factor: Weak immune system, drug abuse, contagious
Lung Cancer
Definition: Tumor
Factor: smoking, pollution, genetics
COPD
Definition: Chrontic obstructive pulmonary
Factor: Age, tobacco, pollution
Pneumonia
Definition: Viral Infection
Factors: Bacterial infection, Viral infection, aspiration
Internal V. External
external
Definition :involves both bringing air into the lungs (inhalation) and releasing air to the atmosphere
Structure: the surface area of the alveolar membrane, the partial pressure gradients of the gasses, and the matching of perfusion and ventilation
internal
Definition: oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the cells and blood vessels
Pleurae
Definition: A thin layer of tissue that covers the lungs and lines the interior wall of the chest cavity
Structure: a serous membrane that folds back on itself to form a two-layered membranous pleural sac
Lower Respiratory
bronchioles
Definition: any of the minute branches into which a bronchus divides.
Structure: lined by simple cuboidal ciliated epithelium, have no hyaline cartilage or submucosal glands, and are surrounded by elastic fibers and smooth muscle
Alveoli
Definition: any of the many tiny air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange.
Structure: Tiny air sacs at the end of the bronchioles
Bronchi
Definition: any of the major air passages of the lungs which diverge from the windpipe.
Structure: two main bronchi in your right and left lungs that divide and branch off into smaller segments, like tree branches
Lung
Definition: One of a pair of organs in the chest that supplies the body with oxygen, and removes carbon dioxide from the body
Structure: the lung has an apex, three borders, and three surfaces
Thoracic Cavity
Definition: relating to the thorax
Structure: contains organs and tissues that function in the respiratory
Upper Respiratory
Larynx
Structure: a cartilaginous skeleton, some ligaments, and muscles that move and stabilize it and a mucous membrane
Definition: the hollow muscular organ forming an air passage to the lungs and holding the vocal cords in humans and other mammals; the voice box.
Nostril
Structure: The outer walls of your nose are made of cartilage and covered in skin
Definition: either of two external openings of the nasal cavity in vertebrates that admit air to the lungs and smells to the olfactory nerves.
Pharynx
Structure: the pharynx divides into three parts which are from superior to inferior
Definition: the membrane-lined cavity behind the nose and mouth, connecting them to the esophagus.
Mouth
Structure: an oval-shaped cavity inside the skull
Definition: the opening in the lower part of the human face
Nasal Cavity
Structure: It is divided into two sections called nasal passages
Definition: The space inside the nose