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Hellenistic culture - Coggle Diagram
Hellenistic culture
Astronomy
Ancient civilizations developed basic astronomy for practical purposes: to track time and seasons, and to navigate.
Greek astronomers made significant advancements: Aristarchus proposed a heliocentric model of the solar system, Hipparchus cataloged stars and discovered precession.
Hellenistic and Islamic astronomers further developed astronomy: Ptolemy developed a geocentric model of the solar system, Al-Battani improved measurements of celestial bodies, and Al-Tusi developed a model of planetary motion.
Philosophy
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Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle were influential Greek philosophers.
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Mathematics
Ancient civilizations made important contributions to mathematics: Egyptians used math for surveying and geometry, Babylonians developed a system of mathematical notation.
Greek mathematicians made significant advancements: Euclid's Elements established a system of geometry, Pythagoras developed the theorem about right triangles.
Hellenistic and Islamic mathematicians further developed math: Archimedes calculated pi, Al-Khwarizmi invented algebra, and Omar Khayyam solved cubic equations.
Physics
Greek philosophers and scientists laid the foundation for physics: believed in natural explanations for phenomena.
Hellenistic scholars in Alexandria made major contributions to physics: Eratosthenes calculated Earth's circumference, Archimedes developed laws of mechanics and buoyancy.
Islamic scholars preserved and built on Greek knowledge: Alhazen developed theory of vision, Avicenna wrote about motion and mechanics.