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Concept Map: 09 Respiratory System BY Karla Jimenez Period 1 - Coggle…
Concept Map: 09 Respiratory System BY Karla Jimenez Period 1
Major functions of the respiratory system
To get oxygen from outside (atmosphere) and remove carbin dixoide from the body which is an exchange thought the respiratory system
Upper respiratory structures and functions
consists of nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, and pharynx
nose is a opening and fiter the air
nasal cavity help filter the air and caughts particle in a mucus trap
Sinuses is a opening for the nasal cavity and chamber the taking voice
Pharynx is the throat which helps produce sounds and speech ( divided in three nasopharyn, orapharyx, and largngopharynx)
Lower respiratory structures and functions
consists of larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, and lung
larynx house the vocal cords, moves air in and out of the teachea and protect it too
teachea is the windpipe has the splits for the right and left lung and primary bronchi
Bronchial tree consists of many level of branchs by the main function is to bing o2 in the body and co2 out
the order is primary bronchi, secondary broncho, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, alvelar ducts, alveolar sacs, finally into the alveli where the gas exchange happens
lung house the bronchial tree and protect it I belive as it houses the tree
Layers of the pleurae
is 2 layer and is called the surface tension which help the lung expend together when inspiration
the 2 layer are double lining os serous membrance
Viseral pleura that line the inner and attach to the surface of the lung
Partetal pleura is the outer layer that lines the thoracic cavity
There are serous fluid in between the layer
Compare and contrast the mechanism of inspiration and expiration
mechanism of inspiration
Air move from high to low pressure becaue its coming from the outside into the lung
Has the Thoracic cavity and dirgarm enlarging and cause surface tension
mechanism of expiration
O2 moving to low to high because we breathing it out
Hss the Thoracic cavity and digrarm recoil and the muscle relax
Volume and Pressure relationships in thoracic cavity
perssure decrease when rush into the lung and volume increase aka inspiration
pressue increse when the volume decrease aka expiration
Respiratory volumes and capacities
Spirometry is different degrees of effort base on the air volumesd
Tidal volume (TV): the average volume of a respiratory cycle(500ml)
Inspiratory reserve volume(IRV): forced inspiration average is 3,00mL
Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) maximal forced expiration which tha average is 1,200mL
Residual volume (RV) the volume after a maximal forced espiration can't be a spirometer
Inspiratory capacity(IC) the resting expiration 3,500mL
Functional residual capacity(FRC) air that stays after resting expiration 2,300mL
Vital capacity (VC) maximal air volume after maximal inpiration 4,600mL
Toal lung Capacity is 5,800mL which is thw volume of air that can be hold
Internal vs. external respiration
Internal
Air rush in lungs, having pressure decrease while volume increase
Thoracic cavity expands
ribs and sternum more outward
Maximal inspiration aka deep breath which other muscle are involved to englarge the cavity even more
External
Thoracic cavity go's back to normal
ribs and stermun return to oringle placement
Forced expiration which causes the rib cage and abdomina; walls to compress
Disorders of the respiratory system
COPD
Description
"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder; includes chromic bronchitis emphysema, and asthma"
Three Risk Factors
Asthmatic bronchitis, tobacco smoke, bust expousure
Three Symptoms
are chronic cough, wheezing, or shortness of breath
Three Treatment Options
are smoking cessatior, medications, or Bronchodilators
Tuberculosis
Description
"Bacterial infection in the respiratory system caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis"
Three Risk Factors
are Contagious inhaled,weakened immune system, or drug and alcohol abuse
Three Symptoms
are latent TB-asymptomatic, cough with thick mucus, or fever/fatigue
Three Treatment Options
are surgery, medication, or long-term antibiotics
Pneumonia
Description
"Bacterial or viral infection of the lungs"
Three Risk Factors
are bacterial infection, viral infection, or aspiration
Three Symptoms
are fever, chills, or chest pain
Three Treatment Options
are over the counter medication, antibiotics, or oxygen therapy
Lung Cancer
Description
"Uncontrolled cell growth and development of tumors in the lungs"
Three Risk Factors
are smoking (90% of causes), second-hand smoke, or radon gas
Three Symptoms
are chest pain, chronic infection, occur at a later stage
Three Treatment Options
are radiation, chemotherapy, or surgical removal
Seasonal Flu
Description
"A viral infection there many varations of this virus and it changes rapidly year to year which change the severity of symptoms
Three Risk Factors
are inhaled in respiratory, droplets, or age
Three Symptoms
are dry cough, fatigue, or congestion
Three Treatment Options
are early vaccination, over the counter medication, and rest/hydration