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Concept Map: 09 Respiratory System Ashley Thompson - Coggle Diagram
Concept Map: 09 Respiratory System
Ashley Thompson
Major Functions of the Respiratory System:
obtains oxygen from the atmosphere, and removes carbon dioxide from the body cells.
consists of tubes that filter, warm, and moisturize incoming air, and transport into gas exchange areas.
removes particles from incoming air, regulates temperature and water content of the air, provides vocal sounds, regulates blood pH, and helps sense of smell.
Upper Respiratory Functions and Structures:
Nose:
Function
: Nostrils provide openings for entry and exit of air, also have coarse hair inside of the nostril to prevent entry of particles.
Structure
: supported by bone and cartilage.
Nasal Cavity:
Function
: have the nasal conchae which divide the nasal cavity into passageways. The conchae support mucus membranes, and increase surface area to moisturize, and filter incoming air.
Sinuses:
Function
: reduce weight of the skull, and serve as resonant chambers for voice.
Structure
: Lined with mucous membrane, open into the nasal cavity.
Pharynx: Function: common passageway for air and food from nasal and oral cavities, aids in producing sounds for speech, 3 subdivisions: nasopharynx, oropharynx, and larynxopharynx.
Layers of Pleura:
Visceral: inner larger; attached to the surface of each lung
Parietal: outer layer; lines thoracic cavity
Serous fluid lubricates pleura cavity between two layers.
Pleura: double-layered serous membrane
Mechanism of Expiration and Inspiration:
Inspiration is breathing in: ventilation
Expiration is breathing out: exilation
Volume and Pressure relationships in the Thoracic Cavity:
When the diaphram goes up, the lungs inflate
When the diaphram goes down the lungs deflate.
Respiratory Volumes:
Tidal Volume:
volume of air that enters and leaves lungs during respiratory cycle; average ~500mL
Inspiratory Reserve Volume
: volume of air that can be inhaled in addition to tidal volume, during forced inspiration; average ~3,000mL
Expiration Reserve Volume:
volume of air that can be exhaled during maximal forced expiration, beyond tidal volume; average ~1,200mL
Residual Volume:
volume that remain in the lungs after maximal expiration; average ~1,200mL, cannot be measured with the spirometer.
Lower Respiratory Functions and Structures:
Larynx: Function: transports air out of the trachea, keeps particles from entering trachea, houses vocal cords.
Trachea:Function: Goblet cells in trachea produce mucus that traps particles, Has cillia that sweep mucus toward larynx where it is swallowed.
bronchial tree: Function: performs gas exchange along with the alveoli.
Lungs: Structure: separated medially by the mediastinum, and enclosed by the diaphram and throacic cage, occuy most of thoracic cavity. Function: to breathe.
Respiratory Capacities: