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Oscar Quiroz Period 5 Respiratory system 2-22-2023 - Coggle Diagram
Oscar Quiroz Period 5
Respiratory system
2-22-2023
Upper respiratory system
The major organs of the upper respiratory system is the nose,nasal cavity and the pharynx.
The nose is the only external portion of respiratory system and the functions of the nose is to filter and cleans inspired air and provides an airway for respiration.The nostrils are bounded laterally by ale.
The nasal cavity is divided by the midline nasal septum.The nasal vestibule is lined with vibrissae that filters coarse particles from air.
The nasal conchae is a scroll like and mucosa covered projections that protrude medically from the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and the function is that it filters,heats and moistens air.
Major functions of the respiratory system
The major function is to supply the body with O2 for cellular respiration and to dispose of CO2.
The respiratory system involves pulmonary ventilation which is breathing and that is what controls the movement of air in and out of the lungs.
External respiration is the exchange of O2 and CO2 between lungs and blood.
Internal respiration is the exchange of O2 and CO2 between systemic blood vessels and tissues.
Circulatory system is what transports CO2 and O2 in the blood.
The respiration process that first is the pulmonary ventilation is that ventilation moves air into the lungs.
The second process is external respiration is when O2 diffuses from the blood to the lungs and O2 from the lungs to the blood.
The last process is that respiratory gases are transported such as
O2 transported from lungs to the tissue cell and CO2 from tissue cells to the
Lower respiratory system
The lower respiratory system consists of the larynx , trachea and the lungs and alveoli, and the bronchial tubes and sometimes the diaphragm.
The larynx extends from the 3rd to the 6th cervical vertebra and it can attach to hyoid bone.The three functions of the is to first provide a patent airway, second was to route air and food into channels and third is voice production
The trachea extends from the larynx into mediastinum that divides the main brochi.
Layers of the pleurae
The layers of the pleurae is a double layered serosal membrane that divides thoracic cavity into two compartments such as parietal pleura is membrane on therocic wall, visceral pleura membrane on external lung surface and pleurisy is inflammation of pleurae that often results from pneumonia. Inflamed pleurae become rough resulting in friction and stabbing pain with each breath.
Compare/contrasting inspiration and expiration
Inspiration is when gases flow into the lungs and that expiration is when gases exits through the lungs
The inspiration of the diaphragm is when dome shaped diaphragm contracts, it moves inferiority and flattens out.
The action of the intercostal muscles is when external intercostals constrict the rib cage is lifted up and out
Expiration is quiet and is a passive process and when inspiratory muscles relax, the thoracic cavity volume decreases and the lungs recoil, as the volume decreases it causes intrapulmonary pressure to increase
Volume and pressure relationship in thoracic cavity
The pressure in the thoracic cavity is that atmospheric pressure is when pressure is exerted by air surrounding the body.
Intrapumonary pressure is there is pressure in the alveoli and it fluctuates with breathing
Transpulmonary pressure which is P pul - P pi is what keeps the lungs from collasping and keeps the lung space open
Intrapleural pressure is P ip and is the plerual cavity and forces inward the lungs to collapse
Respiratory voulmes are tidal volumes is the amount of air moved into in and out of lungs
Inspiratory reserve volume is the amount of air that's forcibly tidal volume
Expiratory reserve volume is the amount of air that can be expelled from lungs
Residual voulme is the amount of air that always remaining in lungs
Internal and external respiration
External respiration is the diffusion of gases between blood and lungs.
Internal respiration is when diffusion of gases between blood and tissue
Disorders of the respiratory system
The disorders of the respiratory system is the seasonal flu, lung cancer, pneumonia, COPD, and tuberculosis
Seasonal flu is a viral infection caused by age, pregnancy and droplets
Lung cancer is uncontrolled cell growth by air pollution, randon gas and genetics
Pneumonia is viral infection of lungs by aspiration and immune system
COPD is pulmonary disorder by age, genetics and air pollution
Tuberculosis is bacterial infection is by age, genetics and air pollution