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T6: Function of OS - Coggle Diagram
T6: Function of OS
Main Function of OS
- manage process running on machine
- manage data storage like RAM and file systems on the machine
- manage input/output devices associated联合 with the machine
- manage networks and communications with other machines
- manage the user interface
- manage security and protection issues
Process Management
A process
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is software that performs some action and can be
controlled by a user, by other applications or by the OS
- It is processes, rather than applications, that the operating system controls and schedules for execution by the CPU.
操作系统控制和调度由 CPU 执行的是进程，而不是应用程序。
- In a single-tasking system, the schedule is straightforward.
- The operating system allows the application to begin running, suspending the execution only long enough to deal with interrupts and user input.
操作系统允许应用程序开始运行，仅暂停执行足够长的时间来处理中断和用户输入
To accomplish a task, a process needs certain resources like CPU time, memory files and I/O devices and as a process executes it changes its states
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Storage Management
The term “storage” covers primary storage (main memory), secondary storage (hard disk, tapes, CDs)
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Most OS maintain a record of a files held in mass storage in the for of a hierarchical(tree structure) directory system
The file system is the mechanism by which the user access/manipulates stored data in secondary storage like hard disk
OS As A Resource Manager
- An OS contains the algorithms算法 that define how the computer is interacting with outside world
- These algorithms are often referred to collectively as operating system’s shell
- However, This shell is only a small part of overall OS
- Beneath下方 the shell is a large collection of additional algorithms for controlling the activities of the machine
- The task of many of these falls under the classification of resource management
The term resource refers to things such as peripheral devices, data stored in these devices, space in a main memory, and the CPU itself
I/O Device Management
A computer system can include a very wide range of I/O devices: keyboards, mice, printers, hard disks, CD-ROMs, etc.
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