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POLAND(1980-81) - Coggle Diagram
POLAND(1980-81)
BACKGROUND
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Religion
Source of nationalism
Catholic:- Most poles where catholic,the catholic church was well-organised and encouraged Polish nationalism.
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The appointment of John Paul II and his return to Poland in 1979 caused a surge in pride in Poland and their Catholic faith.
Economic freedom
Factory workers and farmers:-Ordinary Polish people had more power than in other communist countries: polish farmers held on to their own farms. Among Polish factory workers there was a strong tradition of using strikes against the government
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SOLIDARITY
Lech Walesa:-The workers at the shipyard formed an illegal trade union called Solidarnosc.
They appointed an unemployed electrician called Lech Walesa as their leader.
Concessions The government reluctantly agreed to sign an agreement which said that there should be free Trades Unions, freedom of information, access to the media and civil rights.
Peoples republic:-Solidarnosc became increasingly popular with 9 million members. It showed that the people of Poland were fed up with the “People’s Republic”.
Truth:-Solidarity’s popularity was fuelled as the truth about the past few years was being openly talked about and taught in classrooms and written about in uncensored magazines and newspapers.
EVENTS
February 1981: Civilian Prime Minister Resigns and General Jaruzelski takes over. Jaruzelski was threatened with Soviet intervention should he be unable to control the situation.
Jaruzelski and Walesa negotiated to form a government of "national understanding" but this broke down after 9 months of tense relationships.
Martial Law:-
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Lech Walesa, all the leaders of Solidarity and thousands of activists were arrested.
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Jaruzelski introduced a drastic economic stabilisation plan in hope that Western powers would overlook the aggression used.Arresting Walesa only served to make him a hero to the people.
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EPILOUGE:-
November 1982: overwhelming public outcry forced Walesa's release, but Solidarity remained illegal.
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Deteriorating economic circumstances brought fresh strikes and the government felt they had no choice but to negotiate with Walesa.
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April 1989, Solidarity was legalised