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Cultural Revolution RK - Coggle Diagram
Cultural Revolution RK
Causes
Mao wants total power
GLD 58-60 major failrue. Led to mao stepping down as President 1959. Criticised by Peng Dehuai at the Lushan Conference. Deng became party sectretary and Liu becoming president. strengthened the individual household farming.
Sycophants.
new secretary of defense Lin Biao (replaces Marshall Peng Dehuai): China gets A bomb in 1964. Army moves to the left.
His wife: Jiang Qing-organises a February conference with Lin Biao on the arts in the PLA
February 1965 Jiang Qing sent to Shanghai (Lin gives her a job in PLA propaganda). PLA onside and student radicals in Shanghai also onside.
The Central Cultural Revolution Group May 1965. this group outmanoeuvred Liu and Deng. Acting on information given to him by the CCRG, Mao issued a Notification in May 1966 to the CCP in which he defined the enemy within. He deemed many as ‘Krushchevs’.
Gang of Four.
Zhang Chunqiao: ultra-leftist who was notorious as a ruthless political infighter. propogandist for Mao in Yanan
Yao Wenyuan: leading party propagandist with strong views on ‘rightists’ and ‘class war against bourgeoise’ was more important than economic reform.
Wang Hongwen: trade union leader in Shanghai known for his viciousness. He and Zhang formed a Red Guard group in Shanghai that wreaked havoc. member of Politburo by 1969
Mao swims in Yangtze in late June 1966: 72 years old. Supposedly swam 10 miles in 50 mins. Mao is letting everyone know: he still has it. Then returns to Beijing. Sets up base at Diaoyutai Guesthouse. Criticises Liu for work parties
Permanent Revolution
CCP infected by neo-capitalism. wanted to circumvate party bureacracy and instead appeal straight to the people.
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First Ten points 1963. 23 Articles were published and this pushed the SEM from a rural based movement to one that focused on the elites. This thus amounted to an unspoken declaration of war.
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June 1964: Mao called for another Rectification Campaign (like 1957 Anti-Rightist Campaign)
1965: Peng Zhen, Liu, Lu Diyi, Wu, Kang Sheng and Mao meet and Mao pushed for a ‘Cultural Revolution’.
International affairs
In the late 50’s he interpreted the soviet attack on Stalin’s cult of personality as a criticism of his own leadership in China. the 1964 news that Krushchev had fallen from power further worried Mao.
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1959 – Khrushchev reneges on the agreement to give the atomic bomb. Then in 1960, 400 specialist advisers were withdrawn.
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1964 Khrushchev overthrown by Brezhnev. Mao saw Liu Shaoqi (President of the PRC - second in command to Mao) as his potential Brezhnev.
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