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Cultural Rev - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Criticism from Peng Dehuai at Lushan Conference
        
        Mao renounced State President in 1959
      - Kang Sheng and Chen Boda left the party becasue of Mao's weakening position following the GLF.
      - Deng and Liu Shaoqiu had pressed for private farming initiatives and les restrictive cultural policies.
        
        Called Liu Shaoqiu the 'Chinese Krushchev'
        
        Ordered red guards to camp outside of Liu's house and keep up a din to stop him sleepoing, and 400 researchers deputed to trawl through 2.5 million documents to find evdidnece that he betrayed th eparty whilst in Manchuria in 1969 resulted in Mao actuallly having to get an official to fabricate evidence against Liu.
        
        Farming initiative had led to 20% farming increase, and reaching the levels of 1958.
      - Mao claimed that Deng treated him like a corpse at a funeral, respcting his image whilst inoring his opinions.
      - Hai Rui dismissed from office an allegorical play that defended Peng Dehuai, an individual who had resisted the GLF.
    - - Little Red Book
        
        Printed since 1964
        
        Billino copies distributed,
        
        Quote that 'political power grows out of the barrel of a gun'
      - Loyalty dances in the late 60's
    - - YAo Wenyuan
      - Jiang Qing
      - Wang Hongwen.
  - - - Old ideas
      - Old culture
      - old customs
      - old habits
  - - - The Four Cleanups
        
        Cleansing of the class ranks
        
        One notorious Beijing Red Guard unit, the “United Action Headquarters,” promoted a “bloodline” theory. Children of workers, poor peasants, and revolutionary cadres were hailed as natural revolutionaries, while children of capitalists and landlords could never overcome the stigma of their social origin.
        
        5,300,000 persecuted
        
        Red Guards in Beijing searched over 100,000 homes looking fo reactionary materials- confucian books etx.
        
        2000 died and often the humiliations led people to kill themselves, such as the author Lao She
      - Revisionism
- - - - Factional divide
        
        Some red guarsd staged mock raids on private art collections with connivance of the owners to remove fraguile art treasures from harms way
        
        United Action headquarts promoted a bloodline theory
      - between 1967 and 1972, over 12 million young people moved fro the towns to the countryside.,
      - 250,000 houses in Shanghai destroyed
      - 1700 dead in Beijing by September 1966
      - Red August in Beijing- 1700 teachers killed.
  - - - Factional divide
        
        Some red guarsd staged mock raids on private art collections with connivance of the owners to remove fraguile art treasures from harms way
        
        United Action headquarts promoted a bloodline theory
      - between 1967 and 1972, over 12 million young people moved fro the towns to the countryside.,
      - 250,000 houses in Shanghai destroyed
      - 1700 dead in Beijing by September 1966
    - - Social disorder and factionalsim pushed the PLA to get involved regionally. They took over from the Red Guards in hunting down counter revolutionaries.
        
        May Conspiracy resulted in numerous arrests, supposedly of radical individuals - in fact, it was normal people- 130,000 May 16th elements were ferreted out and more than 6000 either died or suffered permanent injuries immediately after. Others would later die in the Laogais.
      - Zheijang 100,000 arrested and struggled against- 10,000 of these were hounded to death.
      - Guangxi 3000 were killed in a mass execution over a ten day period.
      - Ninth Congress of the Communist party saw 25/29 Provincial Party secretaries lose their jobs, with Mao purging the conservative leaders.
      - PLA took over in January 1968, led by Lin Biao and controlling schools, universities and factories- moved 1800 factories into the most rural areas of China
      - 90% of party officials were attacked at one point or more during the CR.
    - - Lin Biao made an attempted assassination on Mao, named project 571 in 1971
      - Lin Biao put on plane that fled China and crashed in Mongolia. Fear that the death of Mao's closest comrade and traitor could break the confidence of million's of chinese in the CR.
        
        Cancellation of the October 1971 National Parade Day. evidences Beijing's disarray.
        
        Would take a year for the citizens to know.
        
        Released in the 1972 Criticise Lin Biao and Confucius Campaign
  - - - general party uncertainty about the ailing Moao's true intentions.
      - effect of Lin Biao affair led to rethink in the CCP about severity of policies
      - Unacknowledged recognition by the party that the points made by critics such as Tu Deyong were accurate- people had been killed in mindless attacks.
      - Party wished to impress the USa, whose president, Nixon, made an officia visit to the PRC in 1971 and ensued with Ping Pong Diplomacy.
    - - Mass demonstration for the policies that Zhou had advocated.
      - Deng fired, used as scapegoat. Use of military force.