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ETHICAL ISSUES - Coggle Diagram
ETHICAL ISSUES
Informed consent
Before the study begins the researcher must outline to the participants what the research is about, and then ask their consent (i.e. permission) to take part
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This is acceptable as long as what happens to the participants is something that could easily happen to them in everyday life
Deception
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This is sometimes necessary in order to avoid demand characteristics (i.e. the clues in an experiment which lead participants to think they know what the researcher is looking for).
However, participants must be deceived as little as possible, and any deception must not cause distress
Confederates: they work for the experimenter (they may be part if the IV or simply help guide the experiment). They are often used to help deceive (but not always) the participant
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Protection from harm
They must be protected from physical and mental harm. This means you must not embarrass, frighten, offend or harm participants
Normally, the risk of harm must be no greater than in ordinary life
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Confidentiality
Participants, and the data gained from them must be kept anonymous unless they give their full consent
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Right to withdraw
From the very start of an investigation, participants must be aware of their right to stop participating in the study
Even at the end of the study the participant has a final opportunity to withdraw the data they have provided for the research
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