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William I - CE Revision - Coggle Diagram
William I - CE Revision
The Battle of Hastings
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The English were weakened/tired, but the Normans were fresh and eager to fight
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The Norman archers began firing, but this had little effect. Then the infantry and finally the cavalry advanced, but none could break the shield wall. The Normans retreated.
14th October 1066, between Harold Godwinson (English) and William, Duke of Normandy (Normans)
A second attack is launched. A rumour (or tactic??) is spread that William has been killed. As a result the Norman troops run away.
The ill-disciplined English fyrd (mostly farmers) run after the Normans, breaking the shieldwall.
The Normans regroup (& William shows himself) and easily defeat the English not in the safety of the shield wall.
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With a severely weakened shieldwall, William's troops began to slaughter the English.
In the late afternoon, the Normans finally reached King Harold and he was hacked to death (not an arrow to the eye).
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Why did William win?
William's Luck
Wind- William could not leave when he wanted to. When the wind changed and he finally arrived, Harold Godwinson was up North fighting Hardrada
Therefore, the south coast was undefended when he arrived. His men pillaged which led to high morale.
Battle of Stamford Bridge- Harold's army were exhausted from marching. Also, many had been killed or wounded. His army was severely weakened
William's army
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Well trained and structured (archers, infantry and cavalry)
High morale- Pope's support, undefended English coast (pillage)
Fake retreats- The Normans tricked the English into breaking the shield wall. Decisive moment of the battle which led to the English being defeated.
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