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treatments for phobias - Coggle Diagram
treatments for phobias
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evaluation of SD
-potential that the created anxiety hierarchy could be inaccurate and be too much too early on, over expect or under
-limitations, cannot explain evolutionary phobias e.g. heights
-benefits of therapy may not generalise to real life settings, lack of control
+research evidence, Gilroy et al looked at arachnophobia, they had 35 min sessions over a period of time, found that after 3 months and 33 months they were less fearful than control group (only taught relaxation techniques)
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flooding
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involves exposing phobic clients to their phobic stimulus without a gradual build up in an anxiety hierarchy
evaluation of flooding
-highly traumatic for patients, may cause pp to leave and not finish treatment
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+cost effective treatment, only one session
-becomes ineffective in relation to complex phobias such as social phobias, may not be due to negative experience and rather to irrational thinking thus CBT would be more effective
3 processes of SD
RELAXATION- therapist teaches client to relax as much as possible through breathing exercises or mental imagery techniques, meditation or drugs
EXPOSURE- client exposed to phobic stimulus while in relaxed state. takes place across several sessions. start at bottom of AH. treatment successful when client can stay relaxed in situations high on AH
ANXIETY HIERARCHY- constructed by client and therapist. a list of situations related to phobia stimulus that make you anxious are ranked from least to most frightening. i.e. seeing a picture of a small spider at bottom and holding a tarantula at top
stages
flooding stops phobic responses very quickly, no option of avoidance behaviour
result is that the conditioned stimulus no longer produced conditioned response, become exhausted by own fear response
a client normally given choice of flooding or systematic desensitisation, there is consent