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Motor System - Motor Cortical Areas - Coggle Diagram
Motor System - Motor Cortical Areas
Primary Motor Cortex
Function
Execution of movement
Voluntary Movement
Conversion
of plans of movement that rise is basal ganglia, cerebellum, premotor cortex and supplementary motor cortex
Fine motor - control of Digits
Cued, untrained tasks
Location
Precentral gyrus
Readiness potential
Definition
Low buildup of
electrical potential
associated with neural activity involved in
movement preparation
PMC is activated by Readiness potential - does not initate movement
This occurs about 750ms before any specific electrical activity is detectable in the motor cortex
Clinical
Lesions in PMC result in loss of control of digits
Stroke can result in hemiplegia-paralysis (contralateral)
Control
Premotor + Supplementary motor cortices + Basal ganglia +
Motor Homunculus
Spatial arrangement of outputs from MC to periphery
Control of Movement
External Generation of Movement
Direct Stimulus: Sensory cortex → Motor cortex
Internal Generation of Movement
Emotional stimulus (limbic system) or conciously willed (frontal and parietal cortex)
Planning Movement
Premotor cortex
Motor cortex
Basal ganglia
Lateral cerebellum
Execution of movement
Cerebellum
Brainstem
Spinal cord
Motor cortex
Efferent Pathways from Motor Cortex
Pyramidal (Corticospinal tract)
Voluntary
Extrapyramidal tract
Involunatry
Premotor Cortex
Function
Elaboration/ planning/ selecting
of complex motor commands
Stimulates primary motor cortex to initiate movement
Response to
external sensory stimuli
Cued, untrained tasks
Mirror Neurons
Fire when doing action or seeing/ hearing action done
Stimulates by emotion / visual / aural stimuli
May expalin biological basis of empathy
Location
In front of premotor cortex on the lateral surface of each hemisphere
Supplementary Motor Cortex
Function
Involved in
edogenously generated (thinking) responses
Trained tasks / remembered movements
Coordination of bilateral movements
Programming complex secquences of movements
Pyramidal tract
Function
Relay voluntary motor information from brain to periphery
Definition
White matter motor pathway
Extent
Motor cortex -> lower motor neurons and interneurons of the spinal cord
Components
Corticobulbar tract
Head and Neck
Coticospinal tract
Anterior
Trunk
Lateral
Limbs