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Health and disease III - Coggle Diagram
Health and disease III
Drug development
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In Vitro Screening - potential medicines are tested on cell cultures, tissue cultures and isolated organs.
Animal testing - Chemical are then tested on animals, to find out how they work in a living organism as well as what dose is needed and any side effects
Clinical testing - Healthy volunteers are given a very low dose, which is gradually increased. If the results are good, it can be tested on people suffering from the illness. The optimum dose is found.
Placebos - Some patients are given a placebo, a substance that looks like the drug, but doesn't do anything, e.g. a sugar pill. It allows the doctors to see the actual difference the drug makes
Blind and double blind trials - The patient doesn't know whether they are getting the placebo or the drug. Double blind are when the doctor doesn't know either
Once the drug has passed all the test, it will be granted a licence and can be prescribed to patients
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Measuring obesity
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Malnutrition - when a person eats to much or too little of a nutrient, this could lead to deficiency diseases or obesity
Treating CVD
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Medication
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Antihypertensives
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Helps prevent damage to blood vessels, reduces risk of fatty deposits forming
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Anticoagulants
Make blood clots less likely to form, less chance of heart attacks
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Surgical procedures
Stents
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Keep coronary arteries open, making sure blood can pass through
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Coronary bypass surgery
A piece of healthy vessel taken from elsewhere in the body is used the bypass a blocked section of the coronary arteries
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Donor hearts
If heart disease is severe, the whole heart can be replaced
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