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CPE190 Engineering with Living Systems 1 - Coggle Diagram
CPE190 Engineering with Living Systems 1
Metabolic Engineering
Biochemistry and Metabolism
What are cells made of ? (i.e. biochemistry)
How do cells work ? (i.e. metabolism)
Directed improvement of product formation or cellular properties
Through the modification of specific biochemical reaction(s)
Or the introduction of new one(s) with the use of recombinant DNA technology
The redireciton of one or more enzymatic reactions to:
produce new compounds in an organism
improve the production of existing compounds
or mediate the degradation of compounds
Metabolic engineering versus biochemical engineering
Biochemical (or bioprocess) engineering targets optimization of processes that utilize living organisms or enzymes (biocatalysts) for production purposes
Metabolic engineering focuses on optimizing the biocatalyst itself
In this sense, Metabolic Engineering is equivalent to catalysis in the chemical processing industry
Treat the cell as a chemical factory
Biomanufacturing goals: improve product quantity, quality and consistency
How do we achieve this?
Measure and understand the relationship between:
nutrient utilisation
metabolic efficiency
cell growth
and the assembly of building blocks to construct the final product
even when the product is the cell itself (i.e. biomass)
Biomanufacturing optimisation: exploration and understanding of metabolism
Treat the cell as a chemical factory, with an input and an output
How can we increase production?
Metabolic Network Modelling
Controlling metabolic fluxes
Flux: rate of turnover of molecules through a metabolic pathway
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Rate of metabolic reaction is dependant on variables such as concentrations of enzyme, substrate, product and regulatory molecules and is described:
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Understanding of regulation at the local (
) and global level (
) is required to control fluxes through a pathway
Metabolic fluxes depend on many parameters
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Systems Biology & Multi-omics
Example: Artemisinin precursor synthesis pathways in yeast
Synthetic Biology
Industrial Microbiology
Bioprocessing
Biocatalysis
Introduction
