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NATURE NURTURE DEBATE - Coggle Diagram
NATURE NURTURE DEBATE
AO1
nature: refers to inherited influences or hereidty. - nativists like Descartes argued that all human characteristic are innate e.g intelligence or personality are determined by biological factors (genes) just like eye colour and height are
example: many psychological disorders, for example schizophrenia, are said to have a genetic component. Research has found concordances rates of 40% in monozygotic twins and 7% in dizygotic twins, suggesting that nature is a powerful contributing factor in schizophrenia
nurture: refers to the influence of experience and the environment. - empiricists like Locke argued that the mind is a blank slate (tabula rasa) which is shaped by the environment.
measuring nature and nurture: the degree to which two people are similar on a particular trait is represented by the correlation coeffienct and called concordance - provides an estimate on extent to which the trait is inherited
Plomin (1994): found general figure for heritability in IQ is about 0.5 across multiple studies in varying studies. This means that about half a persons intelligence is determined by genetic factors and the other half by the environment
interactionism: the idea that all human behaviour has multiple causes that stem from the simplest causes (genes) all the way the complex causes (social and cultural systems)
Bowlby (1958) claimed baby attachment type is determined by the warmth and continuity of parental love (an environmental influence) whereas Kegan (1984) proposed that a baby's innate personality also affects the attachment relationship. Therefore nature creates nurture so environment and heredity interact.
AO3
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strength: epigenetics
epigenetics: how your behaviors and environment can cause changes that affect the way your genes work
Susser and Lin (1992) reported the women who became pregnant during the dutch hunger winter of WW2 went onto have low birth weight babies and found that these babies were twice as likely to develop schizophrenia. This supports the view that life experiences of previous generation can leave epigenetic markers that influence the health of offspring
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