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Hemoglobin, Myoglobin - Coggle Diagram
Hemoglobin
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Hemoglobin is found in red blood cells, and the presence of both the porphyrin ring and the iron ion provide the red pigment in blood.
Oxygen Binding
Hemoglobin must bind oxygen in order to transport it to cells for cellular respiration from the lungs, while myoglobin binds to oxygen to store it in muscle cells for later use.
The binding of oxygen to iron(II) causes the iron ion to undergo temporary oxidation to iron(III). The iron(III) ion then undergoes reduction when the oxygen is released to the cell for cellular respiration.
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The concentration of oxygen bound to hemoglobin is measured in terms of oxygen saturation, compared to the partial pressure of oxygen gas, giving an oxygen dissociation curve.
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The shape of the curve is sigmoidal, that is shaped like the letter S.
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Fetal Hemoglobin
For a fetus developing inside of its mother's body, the hemoglobin is different. Since the fetus does not breathe, the transfer of oxygen only occurs through the bloodstream in the umbilical cord that connects the fetus and mother through the placenta.
As a result, fetal hemoglobin has a higher ability to bind to oxygen than adult hemoglobin. All fetal hemoglobin is replaced by adult hemoglobin about six months after birth.
Carbon Monoxide
Carbon monoxide binds very efficiently to hemoglobin, preventing oxygen from binding, making carbon monoxide a competitive inhibitor.
Exposure to carbon monoxide deprives cells of the oxygen required for cellular respiration and can lead to organ failure and eventually death, which means carbon monoxide is classified as a poison.
Myoglobin
contains only one heme group and is found in the muscle tissue of mammals, rather than in the blood.
instead of transporting oxygen, it stores oxygen, allowing it to be available for cellular respiration.
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