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Paradigms, Procedural, Mark up, Declarative - Coggle Diagram
Paradigms
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Definition: visual programming language (VPL) is a computer program that develops application using the graphical components and figures.
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Supports both Entity Relationship diagrams and object relational mapping diagrams for data modelling.
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GUI programs are event driven as this shows the flow of the program is determined by "events" generally from the user.
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When an event happens (e.g. a button click) the scheduler passes it to an event handler which tells the computer what to do with it (based on the code written).
Virtually all object-oriented and visual languages support event-driven programming. Visual Basic, Visual C++ and Java are examples of such languages.
Procedural languages are imperative. This means that the programs are given a list of explicit instructions, called an algorithm, telling them exactly how to accomplish a task.
A sequence of instructions is given to a computer which carries it out in that order, following a step by step logical process.
The procedural programming paradigm is where program code is divided up into procedures, which are discrete blocks of code that carry out a single task. Procedures, also called subroutines or functions, contain a series of computational steps to be carried out in the order specified. These may be called from anywhere else in the program.
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As there are so many procedural languages (e.g. Python, C), a programmer tends to have to specialise in a particular language in order to get work.
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Procedural languages are concerned with obeying the ordered set of instructions to carry out actions and calculations.
Imperative programs are made up of sequence, selection and iteration and use variables and program flow control
While several markup languages exist, the two most popular are HTML and XML.
HTML is a markup language used for creating webpages.
Definition - A markup language is a computer language that uses tags to define elements within a document. It is human-readable, meaning markup files contain standard words, rather than typical programming syntax.
The contents of each webpage are defined by HTML tags. Basic page tags, such as <head>, <body>, and <div> define sections of the page.
XML is used for marking up data for storage instead of information to display. It does not have predefined tags, this means the developer can make the tags and their own meaning for them.
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Commands are surrounded by chevrons e.g. <body>. These are opened so that any text that follows can have that format applied to it. Commands are ended using a forward slash inside the tag. e.g. </body>
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Declarative programming is a programming paradigm in which the programmer defines what needs to be accomplished by the program without defining how it needs to be achieved.
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Functional languages are used in database interrogation where retrieving answers is more important than the steps required to calculate the result. (SQL)
Logic programming language such as Prolog are suited to developing AI applications or expert systems which embody the facts and rules about a particular field of knowledge such as medical diagnosis.
Is the opposite of an imperative paradigms; used where data is inexact and a decision needs to be made. A declarative paradigm is one of the two fundamental programming paradigms.
Declarative code is easy to read because developers declare what they want the program to do rather than describe how to do so. The declarative approach minimizes data mutability, which improves program security because immutable data structures are, in many cases, less prone to error.
Examples of declarative paradigms include: SQL, Prolog, Haskell, F# and Lisp.
The software will seek answers to a question by using the database of facts and rules and queries to make decisions. :
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