Chapter 11: Strategic Cost
Management

Structured approach
to cost reduction

Price analysis

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Total cost
of ownership

Cost Analysis Techniques

The Honda Business
Modelfor Suppliers

100% understanding of all components
of product cost

Lean supplier development concurrent
engineering

Flawless new product launch
and Communications

Price analysis

Cost analysis

Total cost analysis

Process of comparing supplier prices against external price benchmarks without knowledge of supplier costs

Applies price/cost equation across multiple processes that span two or more organizations across a supply chain

Process of analyzing each individual cost
element that add up to final price

Cost Management
Approaches

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Historical Cost
Reduction Approaches

Detail

Value analysis

Process improvements

Standardization

Improvements in efficiency using

technology

Strategic Cost
Management Processes

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Managing Life
Cycle Costs

Idea/Concept Generation -> Design and Development-> Prototype, Pilot, Launch -> Ongoing Production -> Product End-of-Life

Strategic
Cost Framework

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Market-Based Pricing

Monopoly

Oligopoly

Perfect competition

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§ Single supplier market

§ Unique product with no substitutes

§ Large barriers to entry

A few large suppliers

Many small suppliers

Price is solely a function of supply and
demand

Minimal barriers to entry

Economic Conditions

Market-Driven Pricing Models

Price Volume Model

Market-Share Model

Detail

Price volume model

§ Market-share model

§ Market skimming model

§ Revenue pricing model

§ Promotional pricing model

§ Competition pricing model

§ Cash discounts

Maximizing profit

Leveraging volume across units can yield savings in tooling, setup, and operating efficiencies

Long run profitability depends on level of market share obtained

Lower margins initially to increase market share

Eventually spreads out indirect costs over greater volume

Market Skimming Model

Prices set for high profit margins on each unit

May be used through “backdoor”

Need to carefully analyze price to ensure validity through greater benefits of product

Revenue Pricing Model: Obtain sufficient current revenue in market downturns

Promotional Pricing Model

Prices set to enhance overall product line profitability, not individual products within line

Need to utilize total cost of ownership (TCO) analysis

Competition Pricing Model: Focuses on reacting to actual or
anticipated competitor pricing

Cash Discounts

Incentives to buyer who pay invoices promptly

Usually worthwhile to take advantage of cash discounts

Relatively high return

Producer Price Index (PPI)

Appropriate for market-based products

PPI tracks material price movements on quarter-to-quarter basis

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Cost-based pricing models

§ Product specifications

§ Estimating supplier costs using reverse

price analysis

§ Break-even analysis

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Building a Should-Cost Model z4148585374249_cc0779b0969767e1764fe58711c93272

Total Cost of Ownership (TCO

Detail

§ Purchase price: Invoice amount paid to supplier

§ Acquisition costs: Costs of bringing product to buyer

§ Usage costs: Conversion and support costs

§ End-of-life costs: Net of amounts received/spent at salvage

Opportunity Costs

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Cost of next best alternative

Factors to be Considered in TCO

Detail

§ Use for evaluating larger purchases

§ Obtain senior management buy-in

§ Work in a team

§ Focus on big costs first

§ Obtain realistic estimate of life cycle

§ Use as a decision making tool

§ Consider all relevant costs in global sourcing throughout supply chain