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The Restoration
The Restoration of the Ancient Regime
Restoration
return to the political system
Ancien Régime
imposed by the victorious European powers
Prussia
Russia
Austria
Great Britain
after Napoleon's defeat
1815
supporters
only monarch
capable of leading a country.
limited the power of the monarchy
Congress of Vienna
1814–1815
measures
Absolute monarchies were reinstated
the ones deposed by Napoleon
returned to their thrones
accept constitutions
Europe's borders were changed.
transformed the maps of Europe
after the death
series of changes
European powers agreed to support monarchs
threatened by revolution
or any attemps
to limit his power
two European alliances
formed to enforce the agreements
assist any absolute monarch
who was threatened by revolution
The Holy Alliance
included
Russia
Austria
Prussia
promised to support each other
not play an important part
international relations
Quadruple Alliance
included
Russia
Austria
Prussia
Great Britain.
hold regular meetings
resolve Europe's problems.
The Congress of Viena/ Europe 1815
four main powers
Austria
given Lombardy-Venetia
Prussia
given the Rhineland
divided into two
Russia
given Finland
main power of the continent
The United Kingdom
given control of the Mediterranean Sea
important changes
Belgium +United Provinces
German Confederation was formed
39 German states
Italy divided into 7
Sweden was given Norway
France was reduced
1791 borders.
Liberalism, nationalism and democracy
Liberalism
key principles
constitutions
guaranteed citizens'
rights
liberties
constitutional monarchy
form of government.
separation of powers,
limited male suffrage
popular sovereignty
executive power
monarch
government
legislative power
cortes
parliament
judicial power
courts
individual liberties
freedom
expression
association
press
religion
ideology
advocates individual liberties
right to life
freedom
expression
association
right to choose political representative
right to own private property
origin
British liberalism
Enlightenment ideas
triumphed with
American independence
Glorious Revolution
French Revolution
social point of view
interests of the "wealthy" bourgeoisie
fought to maintain political rights
Nationalism
ideology
advocates the right of people
define themselves as a nation
form independent states
key principles
common links
culture
history
language
clear territorial boundaries
popular sovereignty
feel part of the nation
choose government
each nation
types
Unification nationalism
common
language
history
unification of independent states
Separatist nationalism
independence for regions
part of multinational states
Democracy
democratic movements
ordinary people's right
participate in politics
supporters
end social/economic inequalities
limited male suffrage
imposed by the wealthy bourgeoisie
rejected
labourers
peasants
petite bourgeoisie
not vote
key principles
universal manhood suffrage
all men vote
best represented their interests
republic
hereditary monarchy
incompatible with democracy.
form of government
