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CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM DISORDERS, Mauren Michelle Lopez Martinez 26988 …
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM DISORDERS
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
circulates blood throughout body
delivers oxygen and nutrients to cells
consists of heart and blood vessels
carries away waste products
ROOT WORDS FOR THE HEART
atri/o
atrium
atriotomy:
surgical incision of atrium
ventricul/o
cavity, ventricle
supraventricular:
above a ventricle
cardi/o
heart
cardiomyopathy:
any disease of the heart muscle
valv/o, valvul/o
valve
valvulotome:
instrument for incising a valve
ATHEROESCLEROSIS
accumulation of fatty deposits within artery
risk factors:
smoking, poor diet, stress, high blood pressure
THROMBOSIS
formation of blood clot
ANEURYSM
weakened arterial wall ballooning out
caused by:
atherosclerosis, malformation, injury
HYPERTENSION
contributing factor in many conditions
defined as systolic >130 mmhg, diastolic >80 mmhg
commonly known as high blood pressure
causes left ventricle to enlarge
first defense:
diet and life habits
HEART DISORDERS
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
symptoms:
precordial or epigastric pain, pallor, diaphoresis, nauseas, dyspnea
diagnosed:
ECG, assays for specific substances in the blood
ARRHYTHMIAS
irregularity of heart rhythm
tachycardia:
faster than average
fibrillation:
extremely rapid
bradycardia:
slower than average
regulated/ treated
artificial pacemaker, CPR, ablation
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
early sign is angina pectoris
diagnosed by:
ECG, stress tests, coronary angiography, echocardiography
results from artherosclerosis
treatments:
control of exercise, bypass, administration of nitroglycerin
VASCULAR DISORDERS
VARICOSE VEINS
contributing factors:
heredity, obesity, pregnancy
treated:
elastic stockings, removal
breakdown in valves with chronic dilatation
PHLEBITIS
causes:
infection, injury, poor circulation, valve damage
can result in thrombophlebitis (blood clot)
inflammation of veins
most damaging if occuring deep
ROOT WORDS FOR THE BLOOD VESSELS
arteriol/o
arteriole
arteriolar:
pertaining to an arteriole
aort/o
aortoptosis:
downward displacement of an aorta
aorta
art/o, arteri/o
artery
endarterial:
within an artery
ven/o, ven/i
vein
venous:
pertaining to a vein
angi/o
vessel
angiography:
x-ray imaging of a vessel
EMBOLISM
obstruction of a blood vessel by a blood clot or other matter carried in the circulation
Mauren Michelle Lopez Martinez
26988
MED 317