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Endocrine - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Uses
        
        Vit. D deficiency
        
        Osteoporosis
        
        Osteomalacia
        
        Psoriasis
      - Side effects
        
        Hypercalcemia
        
        hypercalciuria
        
        Hyperphosphatemia
      - Alternatives
        
        Calcitriol
        
        used in Sec. Hyperparathyroidism
        
        CKD
        
        Hypocalcemia
        
        Hypoparathyroidism
        
        Doxercalciferol
        
        Sec.hypoparathyroidism
        
        CKD
        
        Calcipotriene
        
        Psoriasis
  - - - Uses
        
        Osteoporosis
        
        Pagets disease
      - Side effects
        
        Adynamic bone
        
        Esophageal irritation
        
        Osteonecrosis of the jaw
  - - - Osteoporosis
      - Side effects
        
        Hypercalcemia
        
        Osteosarcoma
        
        experiment animals
  - - - Osteoporosis
      - May increase risk of infection
      - Osteonecrosis of jaw
  - - - Hyperparathyroidism
      - Side effects
        
        Hypocalcemia
        
        Nausea
        
        Adynamic bone
- - - - Agonist
        
        Leuprolide
        
        Uses
        
        Ovarian suppression
        
        Precocious puberty
        
        Endogenous puberty in transgender teens
        
        Advanced prostate cancer
        
        Adverse effects
        
        Headache
        
        Injection site reactions
        
        Hypogonadism
        
        Work on receptor
        
        Gonadorelin
      - Antagonist
        
        Ganirelix
        
        Prevention of premature LH surge
        
        controlled ovarian stimulation
  - - - Agonist
        
        Somatropin
        
        Uses
        
        GH deficiency
        
        Inc. adult height in children
        
        wasting in HIV infection
        
        Short bowel syndrome
        
        Adverse effects
        
        Children
        
        Pseudotumor cerebri
        
        Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
        
        Scoliosis
        
        Edema
        
        Hyperglycemia
        
        Adult
        
        peripheral edema
        
        Myalgia
        
        Arthralgia
        
        Risk of asphyxia in obese patients
        
        Prader Willi
        
        Mecasermin
        
        IGF-1 agonist
        
        Replacement in iGF-1 deficiency
        
        Adverse effects
        
        Inc. Liver enzymes
        
        Intracranial hypertension
      - Antagonist
        
        Octreotide
        
        Somatostatin analogue
        
        Uses
        
        Acromegaly
        
        Control bleeding
        
        esophageal varices
        
        Adverse effects
        
        GI disturbance
        
        Gallstones
        
        Bradycardia
        
        Cardiac conduction abnormalities
        
        Pegvisomant
        
        GH receptor blocker
        
        Acromegaly
        
        Increased liver enzymes
    - - FSH agonist
        
        Follitropin
        
        Controlled ovulation hyperstimulation
        
        infertility due to hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in men
        
        Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and multiple pregnancies
        
        women
        
        Gynecomastia
        
        men
        
        Urofollitropin
      - LH agonist
        
        hCG
        
        Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation
        
        infertility in men
        
        same as FSH agonist
        
        Lutropin
      - Mixed agonist
        
        Menotropin
    - - Antagonist
        
        D2 dopamine agonists
        
        Bromocriptine
        
        Uses
        
        Hyperprolactinemia
        
        Parkinsons disease
        
        Adverse effects
        
        GI disturbance
        
        Orthostatic hypotension
        
        Psychiatric disturbance
        
        Pulmonary infiltrates
        
        Cabergoline
  - - - Agonist
        
        Uses
        
        Induction of labor
        
        Uterine hemorrhage control
        
        Adverse effect
        
        Fetal distress
        
        Placental abruption
        
        Uterine fluid retention
      - Antagonist
        
        Atosiban
        
        Tocolysis for preterm labor
        
        Not FDA approved
    - - Agonist
        
        Desmopressin
        
        Uses
        
        Cent. DI
        
        Hemophilia A
        
        vWF disease
        
        Adverse effects
        
        Hyponatremia
        
        Allergic reactions
      - Antagonist
        
        Convaptan
        
        Hyponatremia in hospitalised patients
        
        Infusion site reactions
- - - - T4
    - - T3
  - - - PTU
        
        DI-SLE
        
        inhibit thyroid hormone formation
        
        at multiple steps
        
        Adverse effects
        
        Rash
        
        Agranulocytosis
        
        Hepatitis
      - Methimazole
        
        not safe in pregnancy
    - - Lugols Iodine
        
        Inhibit organification
        
        Judd-Basedow phenomenon
        
        Wolffe-Chaikoff effect
        
        Preparation for surgical thyroidectomy
      - Radioactive iodine
        
        gland parenchyma destruction
        
        avoid in pregnancy
        
        May give sore throat
        
        should be on B-blockers before administration
    - - Propranolol
        
        Thyroid storm
        
        adjunct to control side effects
        
        especially heart
        
        may cause
        
        Asthma
        
        AV block
        
        Hypotension
        
        Bradycardia
- - - - Agonist
        
        Prednisone
        
        Uses
        
        inflammatory conditions
        
        organ transplant
        
        hematologic cancers
        
        Side effects
        
        Adrenal suppression
        
        Growth inhibition
        
        Muscle wasting
        
        Osteoporosis
        
        Salt retention
      - Antagonist
        
        Mifepristone
        
        Uses
        
        Medical abortion
        
        rarely Cushing syndrome
        
        Adverse effects
        
        Vaginal bleeding
        
        GI upset
        
        Headache
    - - Agonist
        
        Fludrocortisone
        
        Adrenal insufficiency
        
        Addisons disease
        
        Adverse effects
        
        Salt and fluid retention
        
        CHF
        
        Cushingoid symptoms
      - Antagonist
        
        Spironolactone
        
        Aldosteronism
        
        Hypokalemia
        
        Post-MI
        
        Adverse effects
        
        Hyperkalemia
        
        Gynecomastia
        
        Eplerenone
        
        no gynecomastia
    - - Ketoconazole
        
        Antifungal
        
        blocks sterol formation
        
        Hepatic dysfunction
        
        many CYP450 interactions
      - Metyrapone
      - Etomidate
  - - - Ethinyl estradiol
        
        Uses
        
        HRT
        
        Osteoporosis, bone loss
        
        Hypogonadism
        
        Hormonal contraceptives
        
        Toxicity
        
        Moderate
        
        Breakthrough bleeding
        
        Breast tenderness
        
        Severe
        
        Thromboembolism
        
        Gallbladder disease
        
        Hypertriglyceridemia
        
        Migraine
        
        HTN
        
        Endometrial hyperplasia
        
        in postmenopausal women
        
        Reduced contraceptive efficacy
        
        Alternatives
        
        Mestranol
        
        Estrogen esters
      - Antagonist
        
        Receptor
        
        Full
        
        Fulvestrant
        
        Adjuvant treatment of hormone responsive breast cancer
        
        Hot flushes
        
        Injection site reactions
        
        SERMs
        
        Tamoxifen
        
        Prevention and adjuvant treatment
        
        hormone responsive breast cancer
        
        Side effects
        
        Hot flushes
        
        Thromboembolism
        
        Endometrial hyperplasia
        
        Raloxifene
        
        approved for osteoporosis
        
        Bazedoxifene
        
        approved for treatment of postmenopausal symptoms
        
        Clomiphene
        
        ovulation induction
        
        fertility pill
        
        Aromatase inhibitor
        
        Anastrazole
        
        adjuvant therapy
        
        hormone responsive breast cancer
        
        Side effects
        
        Typical postmenopausal
        
        Joint symptoms
        
        Arthrosis
        
        Cervical spondylosis
        
        Disk herniation
        
        Other
        
        Danazol
        
        Uses
        
        Endometriosis
        
        Cystic Fibrosis
        
        Side effects
        
        Acne
        
        Hirsutism
        
        Weight gain
        
        Menstrual and hepatic disturbance
    - - Norgestrel
        
        Uses
        
        Contraceptives
        
        HRT
        
        Assisted reproduction
        
        Side effects
        
        Wt gain
        
        Decrease in bone mineral density
        
        Alternatives
        
        Older
        
        Norethindone
        
        Newer
        
        Desogestrel
        
        Etonogestrel
      - Antagonist
        
        Mifepristone
        
        Used with a prostaglandin
        
        Misoprostol
    - - Testosterone
        
        Uses
        
        Male hypogonadism
        
        Wt. gain in muscle wasting
        
        Side effects
        
        female
        
        virilization
        
        males
        
        Gynecomastia
        
        Testicular shrinkage
        
        Infertility
        
        Alternatives
        
        Testosterone esters
        
        Anabolic steroids
      - Antiandrogens
        
        5alpha reductase inhibitor
        
        Finasteride
        
        Uses
        
        BPH
        
        Male pattern hair loss
        
        Side effects
        
        Receptor antagonist
        
        Flutamide
        
        Advanced prostate cancer
        
        Side effects
        
        Hot flushes
        
        Hepatotoxicity
        
        Gynecomastia
        
        Impotence
        
        Nilutamide
        
        less hepatotoxic
        
        Spironolactone
        
        used for hirsutism treatment
        
        Others
        
        Leuprolide
        
        Ganorelix
        
        Ketoconazole
- - - - Rapid
        
        Lispro
        
        Regulat
      - Intermediate
        
        NPH
      - Long
        
        Detemir
        
        Degludec
        
        Glargine
  - - - Metformin
        
        dec. glucose production
        
        GI distress, lactic acidosis
    - - Glipzide
        
        Inc. insulin secretion
        
        close ATP K+ channels
        
        Hypoglycemia, wt. gain
      - Glyburide
        
        longer duration
      - Tolbutamide
        
        older drug
      - Repaglinide
        
        rapid action
    - - Acarbose
        
        Inhibit absorption
        
        GI disturbance
    - - Rosiglitazone
        
        PPAR-gamma
        
        Side effects
        
        Fluid retention
        
        Edema
        
        Anemia
        
        Wt. gain
        
        Bone fractures
        
        women
        
        Worsen heart disease
        
        inc. risk for MI
      - Pioglitazone
        
        less side effects
    - - Exenatide
        
        GLP1 analog
        
        GI disturbance, headache, pancreatitis
      - Sitagliptin
        
        DPP4 inhibitor
        
        Rhinitis, URTI, Allergy
    - - Pramlinitide
        
        DM-I
        
        GI disturbance
        
        Hypoglycemia
        
        Headache
    - - Uses
        
        Severe hypoglycemia
        
        B-blocker overdose
      - Side effect
        
        GI disturbance
        
        Hypotension
    - - Dapagliflozin
        
        Side effects
        
        Osmotic diuresis
        
        Genital and UTI