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Altered Hormonal and Metabolic Functions - Coggle Diagram
Altered Hormonal and Metabolic Functions
Damage to HPA
hyperpituitariarism
Cushing Syndrome
Hyperthyroidism
SIADH
hypopituitariarism
Addison Disease
Hypothyroidism
Diabetes Insipidus (DI)
severe dehydration
excessive thirst
polyuria
Diagnostics
bladder enlargement
urine osmolality <200, urine-specific gravity of 1.005 or less
recent cranial surgery/head trauma
Tx
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
hypotonic IVF
Damage to Feedback Mechanisms
Cushing Syndrome
#
hirsutism
thin/atrophic skin
trunk obesity, moon face, buffalo hump
↑ BG
Diagnostics
imaging
24-hr urine w/↑ cortisol
tumors that may be producing ↑ ACTH/cortisol
Tx
corticosteriods
surgery/radistion
Damage to Endocrine Glands
#
SIADH
anorexia, NV
pyschosis, gait disturbances (Na <110meq/L)
decreased/concentrated urine
Diagnostics
hypotonicity
hyponatremia
Tx
IV hypertonic solution
fluid restriction
tumor common cause
Addison Disease
hyperpigmentation skin
↓ gluoco/mineral corticoids, androgens
hypoglycemia, vomiting
sparse public/axillary hair women
dehydration, hyonatremia
Tx
high Na diet
lifetime steroids
isotonic IVF w/hydrocortisone
Damage to Cell Receptors
Hypothyroidism
#
**
fatigue, cold intolerance, wt gain
goiter, myxedema
cretinism
Diagnostics
free T4, total T4, T3 uptake
thyroid antibodies
↑ TSH, serum thyroid decreased
Levothyroxine
Hyperthyroidism
#
wt loss, agitation, sweating
thyrotoxic crisis, thyrotoxicosis
Graves Dx
Diagnostics
↓ TSH
family hx
eye protrusion
enlarged/firm thyroid
Tx
radioactive iodine
beta-blockers
full thyroid ablation
Damage to Metabolism & Elimination