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The American Civil War - Coggle Diagram
The American Civil War
Slavery In America
Civil war was a war between the Union and the 11 Southern States that succeeded to form the confederate states of American
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When America first colonised -> Last vast, work harsh, labour shortage
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Proved economical on farms where labour intensive cash-crops could be grown -> Tobacco, rice, sugar
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Tobacco became less used and prices dropped, surplus of slaves
Cotton gin made in 1793, and cotton could only be grown iin the deep South
As US banned international slave trade (1808), domestic slave trade became very lucrative
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Some Southerners owned no slaves, but by 1860, they were completely tied to the economy
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Most northerners did not doubt supposed inferiority, but did doubt benevolence of slavery
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Anti-slavery people organised the Underground railroad -> A way to get slaves in the South to be free in the North -> Helped by Harriet Tubman
Treatment of slaves was very wide ranging, from mild and paternalistic to cruel and sadistic
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In 1857, US supreme court ruled that people of colour did not have the right to citizenship and therefore could not sue in the federal court
As they were treated inhumanly, slaves often faked illness, sabotaged machinery, organised slowdowns or ran away for short periods of time
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Abe realised that the way to get the South to submit was undermine labour -> Slaves who came North were treated better and often took up arms against the South
Because of this, South had no army or supplies, North gained more army
Created the United States Coloured Troops (USCT), for free slaves to fight South in -> Members won numerous battles and medals
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Important People
Union Leaders
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Ulysses T. Grant: Union General, President after the Civil War
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Events of the Civil War
Civil War Battles
First Shots fired in April 1861 at Fort Sumter, Charleston, South Carolina
Other Significant Battles Include:
- First Battle of Bull Run
- Battle of Antietam
- Battle of Chancellorsville
- Siege of Vicksburg
- Battle of Gettysburg
- Battle of Atlanta
- Battle of Appomattox Courthouse
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Gettysburg Address
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In the address, Lincoln honoured the sacrifice of the fallen soldiers and spoke about the importance on continuing their cause and preserving the Union
End of the War
After more than 2 years of fighting, Robert Lee's army surrendered to Grant's at Appomattox, 1865
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Days later, President Lincoln was shot and killed by a Southern sympathiser, Jon Booth