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Bone - Coggle Diagram
Bone
formation
means
growth
modelling
remodelling
by
osteoblasts
health
is important for
Structural support
by
attaching muscles and bones
protecting organs
assisting in chewing
Function
since they contain
nerves
cartilage
connective tissue
osteoid
since they manufacture
Red blood cells
white blood cells
platelets
components
include
mineral matter
organic matter
hydroxyapatite
containing minerals
calcium
phosphorus
types
cortical
trabecular
nutrients
are
minerals
calcium
plays a role in
bone health
blood calcium levels
bone formation and maintenance
nerve transmission
blood clotting
hypertension
deficiency
leads to
osteoporosis
due to
genetics/race
physical activity
body weight
smoking/alcohol
calcium nutrition
toxicity
causes
hypercalcemia
found in
milk products
canned fish
fortified products
tofu
leafy greens
hard water
supplements
are
carbonate
citrate
lactate
phosphate
magnesium
plays a role in
blood and tissue magnesium
preventing hypertension
bone and teeth
muscle contraction
deficiency
enhanced by
heavy perspiration
prolonged vomiting/diarrhea
Alcoholism
symptoms are
irregular heartbeat
weakness, disorientation, irritability
hypertension
found in
milk products
halibut
green leafy vegetables
whole grains
legumes, beans, tofu
nuts & seeds
hard water
phosphorus
plays a role in
bone health
fluid balance
blood and tissue phosphorus
found in
sunflower seeds
salmon
milk products
broccoli
trace mineral
fluoride
found in
seafood
brewed tea
toothpaste
water supplies
fish and sardines
seaweed
plays a role in
bone and teeth mineralization
deficiency
risks dental caries
leads to inability to chew
toxicity results in
white specks on teeth
permanent discolouration
brittle bones
fat-soluble vitamins
vitamin D
plays a role in
regulation of blood calcium
regulation of bone mineralization
immune function
deficiency
results in rickets
results in osteomalacia
toxicity
caused by supplement use
results in hypercalcemia
when over 100 micrograms/day are consumed
vitamin K
needed for
calcium mineralization of bone
coagulation
deficiency
risk for infants
caused by antibiotic use
found in
leafy green vegetables
cauliflower
avocado
cabbage
liver
eggs
milk
density
measured by
DEXA
Ultrasound
pDEXA
nutrient interrelationships
between
Calcium & Vitamin D
since
Blood calcium is regulated by vitamin D
Vitamin D & Phosphorus
since
Vitamin D enhances phosphorus absorption
Calcium & Magnesium
since
Calcium can interfere with magnesium absorption
Magnesium & Phosphorus
since
Magnesium stabilizes phosphorus in ATP
Calcium & phosphorus
in the form of
tricalcium phosphate supplement
Calcium & Vitamin K
since
Vitamin K is needed for calcium mineralization of bone
Blood calcium
regulated by
parathyroid hormone
calcitriol
acts at
intestines
bone
kidneys
calcitonin