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Past Medical History for older adult - Coggle Diagram
Past Medical History for older adult
Hypertension
Complications
If hypertension is not controlled it could lead to...
Heart failure, heart attack, stroke, weakened blood vessels, metabolic syndrome, memory loss
Hypertension should always be controlled but if anything starts to seem off, contact your doctor
Risk factors
Age
Genetics/family history
Too much sodium in diet
Not being physically active
Patho
It is multifactorial
A strong force of blood against artery walls that can lead to other problems if not treated.
Since this patient has diabetes, that can contribute to his high blood pressure because it damages the arteries throughout the body.
There can also be a genetics factor which is very common
The patient also has hyperlipidemia which causes buildup and narrowing in the arteries raising blood pressure.
Treatments
Eating a healthier diet, less sodium
Maintaining a healthy weight
Limit alcohol intake
More physical activity
Use of medications; Amlodipine and Hydrochlorothiazide
Signs and Symptoms
Not many unless BP is very high
If so, look for chest pain, irregular heartbeat, fatigue, severe headaches
Blood pressure
Prehypertension: systolic of 120-139 and diastolic of 80-89
Hypertension: systolic of 140 or higher and diastolic of 90 or higher
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Complications
Eye damage
Kidney damage
Slow healing
Hearing impairments
Heart disease
Nerve damage in limbs
Risk factors
Older age, 45 and up
Family history
Overweight
Having high blood pressure!!
Not getting a lot of physical activity
Patho
Blood glucose levels are too high because of insulin resistance created in body and tissues not responding to insulin
Issues such as hypertriglyceridemia and reduced HDL levels are more common in patients with type 2 diabetes
Having hypertension and diabetes can increase the risk for heart attack or stroke due to vessel damage and stiffening
Treatments
Losing weight and maintaining a healthy one
Eating a well balanced diet
Complying to insulin therapy
Insulin regimen; Insulin Lispro and Insulin NPH
Lab Value
Normal range for blood glucose is 70-130 before meals
Patients should be under 100 usually
Glucose level in this patient: 212
Signs and Symptoms
Increased thirst
Frequent urination
Fatigue
Slow healing sores
Frequent infections
Blurred vision
Hyperlipidemia
Complications
Heart attack, stroke, coronary heart disease, sudden cardiac arrest, clot formation which can lead to many other problems
Risk factors
Having diabetes!!
Family history
Not eating a nutritious diet, eating high fats
Sedentary lifestyle
Patho
Abnormal levels of lipids in the blood due to abnormal fat metabolism/function in body
This is often seen with patients who have diabetes
This can cause a build up in arteries which can cause clotting and narrowing resulting in hypertension
Lab values: Cholesterol 240 and above, LDL 190 and above and HDL less than 40
Treatments
Eating a healthier diet, fish, nuts, fruits, vegetables, and avoid fried foods
Reduce saturated fats
Exercise can increase HDL levels and lower LDL
Use of medications; Atorvastatin
Signs and Symptoms
does not cause many S&S
Chest pain or pressure
High BP
Admitting Diagnosis
Patient fell down 1 flight of concrete stairs
Resulted in a separated AC joint (clavicle is separated from scapula)
Left radius fracture
Left ribs (2-9) fractured
Possible pulmonary contusion (bruise to the lung that can cause swelling, pain and bleeding)
Patient has a brace in use for his left radius fracture
Patient was using a splint on the left side for ribs
Bes rest and a combination of ice and heat therapy can help an AC joint separation