Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
CHILD ABUSE & CHILD PROTECTION - Coggle Diagram
CHILD ABUSE & CHILD PROTECTION
PHYSICAL ABUSE
any non-accidental injury to a child under the age of 18 by parent or caretaker
non-accidental injuries with resulting bruises & welts, broken bones, scars or internal injuries
example physical abuse:
~ immersion in scalding water
~ strangulation
~ human bites
~ beatings
~ shaking
BEHAVIORAL INDICATORS
requests of feels deserving of punishment
overly shy, tends to avoid physical contacts with adults especially parents
displays behavioral extremes (withdrawal or aggressiveness
gives unbelievable explanation for injuries
cries excessively
reports injury by parents
PHYSICAL INDICATORS
unexplained fractures/dislocations
unexplained bruises & welts (swelling, marks, wounds)
unexplained burns
unexplained injuries:
~ lacerations
~ abrasions
~ human bite marks
~ pinch marks
~ loss of hair
~ bald patches
~ abdominal injuries
EMOTIONAL ABUSE
PHYSICAL INDICATORS
Eating disorder
Sleep disturbances, nightmares
Speech disorders, stuttering
Failure to thrive
Developmental lags
EXAMPLES OF EMOTIONAL ABUSE
VERBAL ABUSE
Shaming the child name-calling, making negative comparisons to others, telling others child he or she is “no good," "worthless," "a mistake."
Always blaming blaming the child that everything is his or her fault.
WITHHOLDING AFFECTION
Ignoring or disregarding child.
Lack of affection and warmth
Failure to hug, praise, express love for child.
EXTREME PUNISHMENT
Actions that are meant to isolate and terrorize a child, such as tying child to a fixture or piece of furniture or locking a child in a closet or dark room.
Involves behavior that interferes with child’s mental health.
Can have more long-lasting negative psychological effects than physical abuse or sexual abuse
BEHAVIORAL INDICATORS
Habit disorders, such as biting, rocking, head-banging, thumb-sucking in an older child
Poor peer relationships
Behavioral extremes, overly compliant or demanding or aggressive
Self-destructive behavior, remaining oblivious to hazards & risks
Chronic academic underachievement
SEXUAL ABUSE
BEHAVIORAL INDICATORS
appetite disorders
phobias
guilt
unusual or age-inappropriate in sextual matters
avoidance of undressing or wearing extra layers of clothing
the exploitation of a child for the sexual gratification of another person
accurate statistics on the prevalence of child sexual abuse are difficult to collect because of problems of underreporting & lack of one definition of what constitutes such abuse
TYPES OF CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE:
behavior involving penetration
fondling
violation of privacy
exposing children to adult sexuality
exploitation
incest
pedophilia
PHYSICAL INDICATORS
uncomfortable while sitting
difficulty in walking
pregnancy in young child
sexual transmitted disease in young child
constant scratching of private parts
NEGLECT
EMOTIONAL
INADEQUATE NURTURING OR AFFECTION
Marked inattention to child's needs for affection, emotional support or attention.
CHRONIC OR EXTREME SPOUSE ABUSE
Exposure of child to chronic or extreme spouse abuse or other domestic violence.
PERMITTED DRUG OR ALCOHOL ABUSE
Encouragement or permission of drug or alcohol use by child.
REFUSAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CARE
Refusal to allow needed treatment for emotional or behavioral impairment or problem in accordance with a competent professional recommendation.
DELAY IN PSYCHOLOGY CARE
Failure to seek or provide needed treatment for a child's emotional or behavioral impairment needing professional psychological attention (example: suicide attempt).
Failure by a caregiver to act in ways that are presumed by the society to be necessary to meet the developmental needs of a child & which are responsibility of a caregiver to provide.
Types of Neglect:
Physical
Emotional
Educational
PHYSICAL
- REFUSAL OF HEALTH CARE
Failure to provide needed care with recommendations of health-care professional for a physical injury, illness, medical condition, or impairment.
ABANDONMENT
Desertion of a child without arranging for reasonable care & supervision.
EXPULSION
A child from home without adequate arrangement for care by others or refusal to accept custody of a returned runaway.
INADEQUATE SUPERVISION
Leaving a child unsupervised or inadequately supervised for extended periods of time, or allowing the child to remain away from home overnight without knowing or attempting to determine child's whereabouts.
DELAY IN HEALTH CARE
Failure to seek timely & appropriate medical care for a serious health problem.
EDUCATIONAL
PERMITTED CHRONIC TRUANCY
Habitual absenteeism from school averaging at least 5 days a month if parent/ caregiver is informed of the problem & does not attempt to intervene.
FAILURE TO ENROLL OR OTHER TRUANCY
Failure to register or enroll a child of mandatory school age, causing child to miss at least 1 month of school or a pattern of keeping a school-aged child home without valid reasons.
INATTENTION TO SPECIAL EDUCATION NEED
Refusal to allow or failure to obtain recommended remedial education services or neglect in obtaining or following through with treatment for a child's diagnosed learning disorder or other special education need without reasonable cause.
CHARACTERISTIC OF ABUSIVE PARENTS
Lack of Empathy
Social Isolation
Intergenerational Ties
Inappropriate Expectations
Difficult in Experiencing Pleasure
Parent-child Role Reversal
Belief in Physical Punishment
Factors Contributing to Child Abuse
stress - caring for children, caring for a child with LD of difficult behaviors
difficulty controlling anger
physical or mental health problems such as depression and anxiety
lack of nurturing qualities necessary for child care
personal history of being abused
alcohol or drug abuse
immaturity - some parents who abuse their children are teenagers
isolation from family or community
personal problems - marital conflict. unemployment or financial difficulties