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Section 15.1 - Coggle Diagram
Section 15.1
The Response to Luther
Escalation
Challenging Church control
Threw the pope's decree into a bonfire
The Pope threatens Luther by excommunicating him
More about his
Excommunication
Burning of the
documents
Emperor Charles V summoned Luther to Worms to stand trial
Used Luther's protests
When he returned to Wittenberg, he saw people using his ideas.
Those who followed Luther became a group called the Lutherans
The Lutherans became a separate religion
This was supported by the German princes
Some just genuinely shared Luthers beliefs, while others used this for selfish reasons
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Why did Luther's teachings become popular and attract followers?
Identity
This was a new idea about the Catholic religion. Many people might have not agreed with the Catholic church's teachings.
Luther
Viewed as a rebellious monk, heretic, and an outlaw
Church officials believed he needed to be punished
Church officials burned all of his books
Prince Frederick the Wise of Saxony disobeyed the Emperor and sheltered Luther
While being sheltered, he translated the New Testament into German
His beliefs went against the Church's teachings
More about
Luther
Cause of the Reformation
Significance of the Renaissance challenged church authority.
Innovation
Invention of the printing press helped spread worldly ideas.
During this time more writers and scholars began to write and translate to the common language rather than Latin.
These changes helped increase literacy, spiritual thinking, individual thoughts, and perspective among individuals.
As commonalities were found, people who thought simular formed groups.
Power
What were some criticism of the Catholic Church before the Reformation?
Social and political and economic forces
What were some of the forces that challenged the church's authority by 1500?
Printing press and the fact that people can now read things in English instead of the bible being written in Latin
Bible were press printed and translated a lot during this time causing them to be more available to the public.
The printing press was a new machine that made written material more available.
Luther Challenges the Church
Martin Luther
His Parents wanted him to become lawyer
:
He went against his parents and became teacher and monk instead
Taught from 1512 until he died
Taught scripture at university of Witten berg in the German state of Saxony
Which would enable the Luther's to climb even higher up the social ladder.
Pbs.org
Opposition
1517 Luther decide to take a public stand against the actions of a friar named Johann Tezel
Tetzel was raising money to rebuild St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome
Indulgence was a pardon
Released a sinner from performing the penalty that a priest imposed for sins
Luther was troubled by Tetzel’s tactics
Wrote 95 these or formal statements, attacking the “pardon-merchants” in response
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Why was Martin Luther unhappy with sales of indulgence?
People thought it would get them into heaven, but Martin knew it wasn't right and was against his belief.
Indulgences were not supposed to affect God’s right to judge
He just wanted to be a good Christian, not to lead a religious revolution
Caused his revolution to be unexpected.
dw.com
Teachings
After his revolution Luther went beyond criticizing indulgences
He wanted to reform the Church
teachings rested on three main ideas
All people with faith were equal
Meaning people didn’t need priests to interpret the bible for them
People could receive salvation only by faith in God’s gift of forgiveness
Church taught that faith and “good works” were needed for salvation
All church teachings should be clearly based on the words of the bible
Both pope and Church traditions were false authorities
England Becomes Protestant
The Catholic Church's power was soon challenged in England
Henry VIII became king of England in 1509
A devout Catholic
Wrote a stinging attack against Luther's ideas
Pope gave title "Defend of Faith"
Political needs would soon test his religious loyalty
Need a male heir
Why did Henry the 8th need a divorce or annulment?
Henry feared that without a heir, a civil war could start if he had no heir
Catherine of Aragon and him had one daughter (Mary)
Values and Beliefs
No woman had ever successfully claimed the English throne
1527 - Henry was convinced Catherine could have no more children
Self Interest
Wanted to divorce her and take a younger queen
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