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SAF and Singapore - Coggle Diagram

- - - - E.g Japanese's advance into Singapore: Battle of Singapore was fought in a week from 8 Feb to 15 Feb 1942, while the Malayan Campaign lasted for 2 months from 8 Dec 1941 to 31 Jan 1942.
- - - - Does the lack of self-sufficiency in these areas create dependency on other nations? How are we made more vulnerable in such instances?
- - - - LKY : "You only have friends because you are strong"
    - - Singapore has the one of the highest trade to GDP ratio in the world (320% in 2020, with 90% of our trade coming from the sea)
  - - - Priority and privilege given to the bumiputeras
    - - History of 1964 Racial Riots
        
        July 1964 Racial riots between Malays and Chinese, which started because 20,000 Chinese started throwing bottles and rocks at Malays that had gathered at the Padang for a procession to mark the birthday celebrations of Prophet Muhammad
      - Integral of maintaining the social fabric of Singapore
        
        Internal racial strife results in a security risk (evident from the racial riots)
        
        Internal strife also reduces confidence foreign investors may have in Singapore, resulting in drop in international trade
    - - Promoting racial diversity
        
        Ethnic Integration Programme (EIP) ensures there is a balanced mix of different ethnic communities in HDB towns, promoting interactions and understanding amongst one another
        
        Promotes diversity but serves to also financially penalise minority groups as their pool of home buyers only comprises of members of the same minority race
        
        Education
        
        Racial Harmony Day as a platform to educate students on different races and values such as respecting differences
        
        President Halimah also stated that "For it to be truly significant, schools will have to think of how to instil the teaching of these values in their everyday curriculum, so that students can better appreciate the meaning of diversity and have meaningful conversations on race and religion in a safe environment"
        
        Challenges
        
        That line between meaningful engagement, being a little too sensitive, being appropriately sensitive, between finding something entertaining, engaging and offensive, is not prescribed nor clear.
      - Enforcing racial tolerance/ Protecting Racial Minorities
        
        No systemic discrimination on grounds of religion, race, descent or place of birth with respect to education
        
        Challenges
        
        Presence of Special Assistance Plan (SAP) schools (only offers Chinese as the mother tongue) may seem to encourage the formation of enclaves and ethnic segregation (the very things EIP serves to eradicate)
        
        Solution: Increasing opportunities for SAP school students to interact with their non-SAP school peers
        
        Maintenance of Racial Harmony Act
        
        Serves to collect together in one place all the government's power to deal with racial issues and also includes non-punitive measures that centre on persuasion and rehabilitation
        
        E.g The power to order someone who has caused offence to stop doing it, and to make amends by learning more about the other race and mending ties with them
        
        Serves to heal hurt, instead of leaving resentment
        
        Deals with the root issue of racism instead of just focusing on deterrence
        
        Encourage moderation and tolerance between different racial groups and signal the overriding importance of racial harmony to Singapore
        
        New law modelled after the existing Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act
      - The Tudung issue
        
        Primary School
        
        Tudung not allowed, such that all students, regardless of socioeconomic background, race or religion wear the same uniform, as the similarities must be emphasised so as to allow students to forge strong bonds between their classmates of different race and religions
        
        Uniformed Personnel
        
        Predominantly armed force, and must be seen as upholding the peace and security of the country without any prejudice towards a certain race or religion
        
        Healthcare/ Nurses
        
        The policy used to be no wearing of Tudungs for nurses as it was important that patients were able to see all nurses as equal and not expressed any fear or distrust when being treated and cared for by them.
        
        However, as society progressed, younger Singaporeans are seen as more and more accepting of racial and religious differences and after monitoring the ground sentiment of patient towards non-uniformed personnel, the government is now allowing nurses to wear the tudung
  - - - Allows Singaporeans to be interlocutors between civilizations (E.g Chinese, Indians and the West)
      - Knowing the language vs understanding the culture