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Diarrheas by Intoxication caused by Enteric Bacteria, : - Coggle Diagram
Diarrheas by Intoxication caused by Enteric Bacteria
Source of infection
Campylobacter jejuni
Human feces
Undercooked contaminated poultry or meat
Unpasteurized milk
Contact with infected animals
Yersinia enterocolitis
Pet feces
Contaminated or unpasteurized milk
Contaminated or uncooked pork, raw meat and other poultry
Tofu
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O157:H7
Contaminated water
Undercooked meat (e.g. ground beef, hamburgers)
Unpasteurized milk
Weaning foods
Pathogens
Yersinia (Gram - bacilli)
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O157:H7 (Gram - bacilli)
Campylobacter jejuni (Gram - curved rod)
Prevention
Campylobacter jejuni
Keep raw poultry away from cooked foods
Wash hands thoroughly if exposed to human feces
Avoid humans feces
Avoid unpasteurized milk
Yersinia enterocolitis
Keep raw poultry away from cooked foods
Avoid contaminated milk
Avoid pet feces
Wash hands thoroughly if exposed to pet feces
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O157:H7
Wash hands before eating foods
Prevent consumption of dairy products left out too long
Avoid consuming raw seafood products
Avoid drinking unpasteurized milk
Avoid drinking or swimming in poor sanitized water
Incubation Period
Campylobacter jejuni
3-5 days
Yersinia enterocolitis
2-7 days
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O157:H7
3-5 days
Treatment
Campylobacter jejuni
Supportive treatment (Hydration)
Erythromycin
Yersinia enterocolitis
Aminoglycosides
Fluoroquinolones
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O157:H7
Suportive treatment (Hydration)
Rest
Avoid taking anti-diarrheal medications
Diagnosis
Campylobacter jejuni
Laboratory test of stool, body tissue of fluids
Bacteria that grows on a culture at 42°C
Grows on selective media Skirrow's medium
Yersinia enterocolitis
Stool samples ("Cold enrichment collection")
Grows on selective media MacConkey
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O157:H7
Laboratory test of stool
Lactose fermenting bacteria, grows on MacConkey agar
Damage
Campylobacter jejuni
Affects intestinal epithelium
Activates NF-kB, Pro-inflammatory cytokines and TH1 specific immunity
Can produce ulcerated, edematous, and bloody surface, crypt abscesses in glands in the epithelium
Mucosal surface of jejunum
Headache
Fever
Profuse watery and foul smelling bloody diarrhea
Yersinia enterocolitis
Apoptosis of macrophages releases bacteria, invading epithelial cells and M cells
Liver and spleen abscesses
Inflammation and ulceration
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O157:H7
Shiga toxins disrupt protein synthesis, resulting in cell death
Destruction of intestinal microvillus, resulting in decreased absorption
Hemorrhagic colitis
Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS)
Bloody diarrhea
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