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Parmenides, How the arché is understood, World Explanation, 220px…
Parmenides
Biography
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Student of Xenophanes (well-known greek poet, social critic and theologian)
Reality is an illusion -- all of our experiences, all the things that we see that move, change, get born, or die don't do so; it is all an illusion
All is one - There are no separate things, everything is one thing that never moves or changes, but remains the same forever
Extreme rationalism - our senses deceive us so in order to find out the truth we should rely only on our minds and reasoning ( "mind's eye")
Becoming is impossible - you cannot get born, changed or die because if something becomes, it either comes from something that already exist ( meaning it already exists) or something that doesn't exist and both are impossible.
Impossibility of Movement - Movement is an illusion because in order for something to move it needs to go into an empty space, but that doesn't exist
Interesting facts
he founded the Eleatic School of philosophy, which classifies truth on the basis of pure logic and rationality
He gave up the customary prose of his Ionic ancestors and wrote a poem in hexameter, which is called ‘On Nature’
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He was also known for leading an exemplary life; the Parmenidean lifestyle serves as a proverb for the Greeks.
Idea of arché: one cannot look for an underlying principle for that which cannot be explained logically.
If the arche is reality, then it does not make sense to say that the appearances are the reality also, which is what the arche is meant to explain.
If arche is the fundamental reality of appearances, then the arche would be what is and appearances what is not.
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